Non-detections in deep ALMA data imply dust masses below about 10^5 solar masses in two z>12 galaxies, pointing to low dust content and high star formation efficiency in the earliest galaxies.
CEERS: Forging the First Dust -- Transition from Stellar to ISM Grain Growth in the Early Universe
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abstract
We investigate the coevolution of metals and dust for 173 galaxies at 4.0<z<11.4 observed with JWST/NIRSpec. We use the code CIGALE that integrates photometric and spectroscopic data. Our analysis reveals a critical transition at Mstar = 10^8.5 MSun, from galaxies dominated by supernovae and AGB stardust, to those dominated by grain growth. This implies a two-mode building of dust mass, supported by model predictions. The detection of stardust galaxies provides a natural and inherent explanation to the excess of UV-bright galaxies at z>10 by JWST. Besides, we observe that the metallicity of galaxies at z>8 presents a metal-to-stellar mass ratio larger than a few 10^-3, above a floor. This suggests a very fast rise of metals at high redshift, impacting the tentative detections of population III objects.
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Low dust mass and high star-formation efficiency at $z>12$ from deep ALMA observations
Non-detections in deep ALMA data imply dust masses below about 10^5 solar masses in two z>12 galaxies, pointing to low dust content and high star formation efficiency in the earliest galaxies.