Strong scalar fields around naked singularities can create stable circular orbits, and charged scalar-field spacetimes can host both stable and unstable photon orbits.
Epicyclic orbital oscillations in Newton's and Einstein's dynamics
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abstract
We apply Feynman's principle, ``The same equations have the same solutions'', to Kepler's problem and show that Newton's dynamics in a properly curved 3-D space is identical with that described by Einstein's theory in the 3-D optical geometry of Schwarzschild's spacetime. For this reason, rather unexpectedly, Newton's formulae for Kepler's problem, in the case of nearly circular motion in a static, spherically spherical gravitational potential accurately describe strong field general relativistic effects, in particular vanishing of the radial epicyclic frequency at the marginally stable orbit.
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Orbital Motion in Spacetimes Influenced by the Presence of Scalar and Electromagnetic Fields
Strong scalar fields around naked singularities can create stable circular orbits, and charged scalar-field spacetimes can host both stable and unstable photon orbits.