For closed smooth mean curvature flows in R^{n+1}, 3≤n≤6, at the first singular time either the mean curvature or the Morse index must blow up.
Type II smoothing in mean curvature flow
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abstract
In 1994 Velazquez constructed a smooth \(O(4)\times O(4)\) invariant Mean Curvature Flow that forms a type-II singularity at the origin in space-time. Stolarski very recently showed that the mean curvature on this solution is uniformly bounded. Earlier, Velazquez also provided formal asymptotic expansions for a possible smooth continuation of the solution after the singularity. Here we prove short time existence of Velazquez formal continuation, and we verify that the mean curvature is also uniformly bounded on the continuation. Combined with the earlier results of Velazquez-Stolarski we therefore show that there exists a solution \(\{M_t^7\subset\R^8 \mid -t_0 <t<t_0\}\) that has an isolated singularity at the origin \(0\in\R^8\), and at \(t=0\); moreover, the mean curvature is uniformly bounded on this solution, even though the second fundamental form is unbounded near the singularity.
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Singularities of mean curvature flow with bounded mean curvature and Morse index
For closed smooth mean curvature flows in R^{n+1}, 3≤n≤6, at the first singular time either the mean curvature or the Morse index must blow up.