Migdal-Eliashberg theory breaks down to polaron/bipolaron states before phonon softening at extreme densities, with variational upper bounds on coupling λ showing this occurs well before softening in 2D/3D systems.
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In the Holstein model, polaronic and bipolaronic states emerge before phonon softening across wide fillings in 2D and 3D, via an intermediate pseudogap mixed state where Luttinger theorem is broken.
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Breakdown of the Migdal-Eliashberg theory for electron-phonon systems. Role of polarons/bi-polarons
Migdal-Eliashberg theory breaks down to polaron/bipolaron states before phonon softening at extreme densities, with variational upper bounds on coupling λ showing this occurs well before softening in 2D/3D systems.
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Limits of validity for Migdal-Eliashberg theory: role of polarons/bi-polarons
In the Holstein model, polaronic and bipolaronic states emerge before phonon softening across wide fillings in 2D and 3D, via an intermediate pseudogap mixed state where Luttinger theorem is broken.