Anisotropic quark or hadron coalescence in heavy-ion collisions generates vector-meson spin alignment whose sign distinguishes bare-vector from spin-orbit-coupled production vertices.
Spin alignment of vector mesons in local equilibrium by Zubarev's approach
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abstract
We compute the $00$ element of the spin density matrix, denoted as $\rho_{00}$ and called the spin alignment, up to the second order of the gradient expansion in local equilibrium by Zubarev's approach. In the first order, we obtain $\rho_{00}=1/3$, meaning that the contributions from thermal vorticity and shear stress tensor are vanishing. The non-vanishing contributions to $\rho_{00}-1/3$ appear in the second order of gradients in the Belinfante and canonical cases. We also discuss the properties of the spin density matrix under the time reversal transformation. The effective transport coefficient for the spin alignment induced by the thermal shear stress tensor is T-odd in the first order, implying that the first order effect is dissipative.
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Vector-Meson Spin Alignment from Anisotropic Quark or Hadron Coalescence
Anisotropic quark or hadron coalescence in heavy-ion collisions generates vector-meson spin alignment whose sign distinguishes bare-vector from spin-orbit-coupled production vertices.