For the 2D free-boundary Euler equations with surface tension on a droplet, there exist arbitrarily small initial velocities such that the vorticity Hessian grows at least exponentially in time.
On the Cauchy Problem of Spherical Capillary Water Waves
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abstract
The spherical capillary water waves equation describes the motion of an almost spherical water droplet under zero gravity governed by water-air interface tension. Using para-differential calculus on compact Lie groups and homogeneous spaces developed by the author, the system is symmetrized into a quasi-linear dispersive para-differential equation of order 1.5 defined on the 2-sphere. An immediate consequence of this symmetrization is a new proof of local well-posedness of the system under much weaker regularity assumption compared to previous results.
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Exponential Vorticity Hessian Growth in Capillary Liquid Drop in Two Dimensions
For the 2D free-boundary Euler equations with surface tension on a droplet, there exist arbitrarily small initial velocities such that the vorticity Hessian grows at least exponentially in time.