The square speed of sound in high-energy collisions is inferred from the Gaussian rapidity width via the Landau model, yielding values mostly from 0 to 1/3.
Speed of Sound in Magnetized Nuclear Matter
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abstract
Employing the non-linear Walecka model we investigate the characteristics of nuclear matter under the influence of a background magnetic field at a finite temperature and baryon chemical potential. In the presence of the magnetic field the spinodal lines and the critical end point (CEP) undergo changes in the $T-\mu_B$ plane. The squared speed of sound exhibits anisotropic behavior, dividing into parallel and perpendicular components. Additionally, the presence of a magnetic field induces anisotropy in the isothermal compressibility. It is found that the parallel component is smaller than the perpendicular one for all values of temperature, chemical potential and magnetic field indicating that the equation of state is stiffer along the magnetic field direction.
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On the Square Speed of Sound in High-Energy Collisions: Range of Values and How to Understand It
The square speed of sound in high-energy collisions is inferred from the Gaussian rapidity width via the Landau model, yielding values mostly from 0 to 1/3.