The scheme-independent 3-sphere free energy decreases at O(g^2) under relevant deformations of a 3D CFT but is not monotone along the full RG flow of the free massive scalar on S^3.
The F-Theorem and F-Maximization
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This contribution contains a review of the role of the three-sphere free energy F in recent developments related to the F-theorem and F-maximization. The F-theorem states that for any Lorentz-invariant RG trajectory connecting a conformal field theory CFT_UV in the ultraviolet to a conformal field theory CFT_IR, the F-coefficient decreases: F_UV > F_IR. I provide many examples of CFTs where one can compute F, approximately or exactly, and discuss various checks of the F-theorem. F-maximization is the principle that in an N=2 SCFT, viewed as the deep IR limit of an RG trajectory preserving N=2 supersymmetry, the superconformal R-symmetry maximizes F within the set of all R-symmetries preserved by the RG trajectory. I review the derivation of this result and provide examples.
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Local CFTs lie at the extrema of the sphere free energy tilde F for nonlocal CFT lines, and maximize it when unitary.
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The scheme independent 3-sphere free energy is not a monotone F-function
The scheme-independent 3-sphere free energy decreases at O(g^2) under relevant deformations of a 3D CFT but is not monotone along the full RG flow of the free massive scalar on S^3.
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Local CFTs extremise $F$
Local CFTs lie at the extrema of the sphere free energy tilde F for nonlocal CFT lines, and maximize it when unitary.