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The dark degeneracy: On the number and nature of dark components

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abstract

We use that gravity probes only the total energy momentum tensor to show how this leads to a degeneracy for generalised dark energy models. Because of this degeneracy, Omega_m cannot be measured. We demonstrate this explicitely by showing that the CMB and supernova data is compatible with very large and very small values of Omega_m for a specific family of dark energy models. We also show that for the same reason interacting dark energy is always equivalent to a family of non-interacting models. We argue that it is better to face this degeneracy and to parametrise the actual observables.

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astro-ph.CO 1

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2026 1

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Is Dark Matter Really Matter?

astro-ph.CO · 2026-08-05 · conditional · novelty 5.0

Using DESI DR2, DES supernovae, and two CMB likelihoods, the authors find wDM about 0.001 and wDE about -0.94 when varied jointly, a roughly 2-sigma joint preference away from Lambda-CDM, with a non-phantom Pade-w plus free wDM model mildly favored over phantom-crossing w0wa.

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  • Is Dark Matter Really Matter? astro-ph.CO · 2026-08-05 · conditional · none · ref 11 · internal anchor

    Using DESI DR2, DES supernovae, and two CMB likelihoods, the authors find wDM about 0.001 and wDE about -0.94 when varied jointly, a roughly 2-sigma joint preference away from Lambda-CDM, with a non-phantom Pade-w plus free wDM model mildly favored over phantom-crossing w0wa.