In the 't Hooft model, the first excited pion has a few-percent strange-antistrange asymmetry, and the meson cloud model reproduces it but fails for charm-anticharm asymmetry.
Mesons and the Structure of Nucleons
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The role of mesons, particularly the pion, in the structure of nucleons is reviewed and investigated. Since quark-antiquark pairs are likely to ``transform" into mesons at large distances, mesons are expected to contribute to nucleon structure. Their effects on the Gottfried sum rule, on the strangeness content of the nucleon, and on the spin of the nucleon are discussed.
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Strange-antistrange and charm-anticharm asymmetries of pion in 't Hooft model
In the 't Hooft model, the first excited pion has a few-percent strange-antistrange asymmetry, and the meson cloud model reproduces it but fails for charm-anticharm asymmetry.