Monte Carlo data on a T2 x R2 geometry show that the SU(2) vacuum at small torus sizes is described by a gas of vortex-like fractional instantons, with string tension proportional to their density and a saturated nearest-neighbor separation at larger sizes.
Adjoint modes as probes of gauge field structure
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We show how zero-modes and quasi-zero-modes of the Dirac operator in the adjoint representation can be used to construct an estimate of the action density distribution of a pure gauge field theory, which is less sensitive to the ultraviolet fluctuations of the field. This can be used to trace the topological structures present in the vacuum. The construction relies on the special properties satisfied by the supersymmetric zero-modes.
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Fractional instantons and Confinement: first results on a $T_2\times R^2$ roadmap
Monte Carlo data on a T2 x R2 geometry show that the SU(2) vacuum at small torus sizes is described by a gas of vortex-like fractional instantons, with string tension proportional to their density and a saturated nearest-neighbor separation at larger sizes.