Schwinger fermion production in axion inflation damps gauge fields, enabling observable primordial gravitational waves in LISA/ET bands while satisfying ΔN_eff limits and identifying a new damped-oscillation backreaction regime.
Physical renormalization condition for de Sitter QED
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abstract
We considered a new renormalization condition for the vacuum expectation values of the scalar and spinor currents induced by a homogeneous and constant electric field background in de Sitter spacetime. Following a semiclassical argument, the condition named maximal subtraction imposes the exponential suppression on the massive charged particle limit of the renormalized currents. The maximal subtraction changes the behaviors of the induced currents previously obtained by the conventional minimal subtraction scheme. The maximal subtraction is favored for a couple of physically decent predictions including the identical asymptotic behavior of the scalar and spinor currents, the removal of the infrared (IR) hyperconductivity from the scalar current, and the finite current for the massless fermion.
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UNVERDICTED 2representative citing papers
Constant electric fields in de Sitter require a tachyonic photon mass ~H, yielding finite positive Schwinger currents for massless fermions and scalars after on-shell renormalization.
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Gravitational waves from axion inflation in the gradient expansion formalism. Part II. Fermionic axion inflation
Schwinger fermion production in axion inflation damps gauge fields, enabling observable primordial gravitational waves in LISA/ET bands while satisfying ΔN_eff limits and identifying a new damped-oscillation backreaction regime.
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Classical constant electric fields and the Schwinger effect in de Sitter
Constant electric fields in de Sitter require a tachyonic photon mass ~H, yielding finite positive Schwinger currents for massless fermions and scalars after on-shell renormalization.