For any weight parameter in the improved-dynamics LQC Hamiltonian, negative weights give essentially self-adjoint operators, while positive weights require U(1)-labeled self-adjoint extensions, which the paper implements in a propagator.
Anti-deSitter universe dynamics in LQC
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abstract
A model for a flat isotropic universe with a negative cosmological constant $\Lambda$ and a massless scalar field as sole matter content is studied within the framework of Loop Quantum Cosmology. By application of the methods introduced for the model with $\Lambda=0$, the physical Hilbert space and the set of Dirac observables are constructed. As in that case, the scalar field plays here the role of an emergent time. The properties of the system are found to be similar to those of the $k=1$ FRW model: for small energy densities, the quantum dynamics reproduces the classical one, whereas, due to modifications at near-Planckian densities, the big bang and big crunch singularities are replaced by a quantum bounce connecting deterministically the large semiclassical epochs. Thus in Loop Quantum Cosmology the evolution is qualitatively cyclic.
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Unitary evolution and cosmic acceleration in Loop Quantum Cosmology
For any weight parameter in the improved-dynamics LQC Hamiltonian, negative weights give essentially self-adjoint operators, while positive weights require U(1)-labeled self-adjoint extensions, which the paper implements in a propagator.