Nonthermal line broadening at solar flare footpoints is primarily field-aligned, demonstrated by systematic decrease in line widths from disk center to limb across 4,593 Hinode/EIS spectra from 407 flares.
Temporal evolution of multiple evaporating ribbon sources in a solar flare
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abstract
We present new results from the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph showing the dynamic evolution of chromospheric evaporation and condensation in a flare ribbon, with the highest temporal and spatial resolution to date. IRIS observed the entire impulsive phase of the X-class flare SOL2014-09-10T17:45 using a 9.4 second cadence `sit-and-stare' mode. As the ribbon brightened successively at new positions along the slit, a unique impulsive phase evolution was observed for many tens of individual pixels in both coronal and chromospheric lines. Each activation of a new footpoint displays the same initial coronal up-flows of up to ~300 km/s, and chromospheric downflows up to 40 km/s. Although the coronal flows can be delayed by over 1 minute with respect to those in the chromosphere, the temporal evolution of flows is strikingly similar between all pixels, and consistent with predictions from hydrodynamic flare models. Given the large sample of independent footpoints, we conclude that each flaring pixel can be considered a prototypical, `elementary' flare kernel.
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astro-ph.SR 1years
2026 1verdicts
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Nonthermal line broadening at solar flare footpoints is primarily field-aligned
Nonthermal line broadening at solar flare footpoints is primarily field-aligned, demonstrated by systematic decrease in line widths from disk center to limb across 4,593 Hinode/EIS spectra from 407 flares.