A theoretical model derives the universal mammalian vascular branching exponent α* ≈ 2.72 from a network-level minimax principle and topological rigidity theorem grounded in ATP costs, yielding α*_model ≈ 2.626 with heterogeneities shifting it to observed values.
Global optimization, local adaptation, and the role of growth in distribution networks.Physical Review Letters, 117:138301, 2016
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The Incommensurability Principle in Biological Transport
A theoretical model derives the universal mammalian vascular branching exponent α* ≈ 2.72 from a network-level minimax principle and topological rigidity theorem grounded in ATP costs, yielding α*_model ≈ 2.626 with heterogeneities shifting it to observed values.