Agent-based simulations of the Amritsar massacre indicate higher fatalities than official records even under conservative physical assumptions, while early 20th-century crowd psychology discourses enabled the use of excessive force.
euronews.com/my-europe/2024/12/21/timeline-deadly-attacks-on-christmas -markets-in-europe, accessed: 2025-07-17
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Crowd Dynamics in Historical Perspective: Reframing the Amritsar Massacre through Agent-Based Modelling and Social Psychology
Agent-based simulations of the Amritsar massacre indicate higher fatalities than official records even under conservative physical assumptions, while early 20th-century crowd psychology discourses enabled the use of excessive force.