Infrared-divergent spin boson model loses its ground state above a finite critical coupling, proved via long range order in a dual continuum Ising model.
The infrared behaviour in Nelson's model of a quantum particle coupled to a massless scalar field
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abstract
We prove that Nelson's massless scalar field model is infrared divergent in three dimensions. In particular, the Nelson Hamiltonian and the Hamiltonian obtained from Euclidean quantization are not unitarily equivalent. In contrast, for dimensions higher than three the Nelson Hamiltonian has a unique ground state in Fock space and the two Hamiltonians are unitarily equivalent. We also show that the Euclidean Hamiltonian has no spectral gap.
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On the Ising Phase Transition in the Infrared-Divergent Spin Boson Model
Infrared-divergent spin boson model loses its ground state above a finite critical coupling, proved via long range order in a dual continuum Ising model.