An effective light-front wave function whose five-dimensional piece comes from holographic QCD yields pion gravitational form factors A(Q^{2}) and D(Q^{2}) that match lattice results after parameter tuning.
Gravitational form factors of light mesons
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abstract
We calculate the gravitational form factors of the pion, sigma meson, and rho meson in the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model of quantum chromodynamics. The canonical energy-momentum tensor (EMT) is used in their derivation, allowing the possibility of an antisymmetric contribution when the hadron has intrinsic spin. We show that the asymmetric graviton vertex arising from the canonical EMT satisfies a simpler Ward-Takahashi identity (WTI) than the symmetric graviton vertex of the Belinfante EMT. The necessity of fully dressing the graviton vertex through the relevant Bethe-Salpeter equation is demonstrated for observing both the WTI and a low-energy pion theorem. Lastly, we calculate static moments of the meson EMT decompositions, obtaining predictions for the meson mass radii. We find light cone mass radii of 0.27 fm for the pion, 0.32 fm for the sigma, and 0.25 fm for the rho. For the pion and rho, these are smaller than the light cone charge radii, respectively 0.51 fm and 0.45 fm, while we have a sigma charge radius of zero. Our light cone pion mass radius agrees with a phenomenological extraction from KEKB data.
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σ-pole residues in gluon D-form factors for π, N, ρ and Δ are consistent with dilaton effective theory predictions within large uncertainties.
In the instanton liquid model, the color force on a struck quark in the pion and nucleon is derived from twist-3 operators, related to gravitational and transversity form factors, and mapped in the transverse plane with nucleon results matching recent lattice data.
Light-front quark model calculations with two Gaussian wave functions yield transverse mechanical distributions for pseudoscalar charmonium and bottomonium, showing a nodal pressure and positive force.
A hadronic approach based on dispersion relations and meson dominance achieves a successful description of lattice QCD data for gravitational form factors of pions and nucleons.
citing papers explorer
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Gravitational form factors of the pion in light-front holographic QCD
An effective light-front wave function whose five-dimensional piece comes from holographic QCD yields pion gravitational form factors A(Q^{2}) and D(Q^{2}) that match lattice results after parameter tuning.
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Gluon Gravitational $ D$-Form Factor: The $\sigma$-Meson as a Dilaton Confronted with Lattice Data II
σ-pole residues in gluon D-form factors for π, N, ρ and Δ are consistent with dilaton effective theory predictions within large uncertainties.
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The color force acting on a quark in the pion and nucleon
In the instanton liquid model, the color force on a struck quark in the pion and nucleon is derived from twist-3 operators, related to gravitational and transversity form factors, and mapped in the transverse plane with nucleon results matching recent lattice data.
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Mechanical distribution of the pseudoscalar charmonium and bottomonium on the light-front
Light-front quark model calculations with two Gaussian wave functions yield transverse mechanical distributions for pseudoscalar charmonium and bottomonium, showing a nodal pressure and positive force.
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Particle seismology: mechanical and gravitational properties from parton-hadron duality
A hadronic approach based on dispersion relations and meson dominance achieves a successful description of lattice QCD data for gravitational form factors of pions and nucleons.