Periodic topological defects open a tunable band-gap in graphene only when supercell size N is a multiple of three due to Brillouin zone folding, with flower-like defects producing larger gaps.
Effect of atomic-scale defects onthelow-energyelectronicstructureofgraphene: Perturbation theory and local-density-functional calculations
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Symmetry Guided Band-Gap Opening via Periodic Topological Defects in Graphene
Periodic topological defects open a tunable band-gap in graphene only when supercell size N is a multiple of three due to Brillouin zone folding, with flower-like defects producing larger gaps.