In a self-consistent NJL model with Pauli-Villars regularization, two-flavor quark matter is more stable than three-flavor quark matter at equal bag constant, the opposite of Witten's MIT bag expectation.
What's in the core of massive neutron stars?
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abstract
When hadron-quark continuity is formulated in terms of a topology change at a density higher than twice the nuclear matter densiy $n_0$ the core of massive compact stars can be described in terms of quasiparticles of fractional baryon charges, behaving neither like pure baryons nor deconfined quarks. Hidden symmetries, both local gauge and pseudo-conformal (or broken scale), emerge and give rise to the long-standing quenched $g_A$ in nuclear Gamow-Teller transitions at $\sim n_0$ and to the pseudo-conformal sound velocity $v_{pcs}^2/c^2\approx 1/3$ at $\gsim 3n_0$. These properties are confronted with the recent observations in superallowed Gamow-Teller transitions and in astrophysical observations.
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On the stability of two-flavor and three-flavor quark stars
In a self-consistent NJL model with Pauli-Villars regularization, two-flavor quark matter is more stable than three-flavor quark matter at equal bag constant, the opposite of Witten's MIT bag expectation.