A 3D map of the Local Bubble from λ5780 and λ5797 DIBs reveals lower 5797/5780 ratios inside, indicating the λ5780 carrier withstands hot-gas destruction better than the λ5797 carrier.
A deep X-ray observation of M82 with XMM-Newton
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abstract
We report on the analysis of a deep (100 ks) observation of the starburst galaxy M82 with the EPIC and RGS instruments on board the X-ray telescope XMM-Newton. The broad-band (0.5-10 keV) emission is due to at least three spectral components: i) continuum emission from point sources; ii) thermal plasma emission from hot gas; iii) charge exchange emission from neutral metals (Mg and Si). The plasma emission has a double-peaked differential emission measure, with the peaks at ~0.5 keV and ~7 keV. Spatially resolved spectroscopy has shown that the chemical absolute abundances are not uniformly distributed in the outflow, but are larger in the outskirts and smaller close to the galaxy centre. The abundance ratios also show spatial variations. The X-ray derived Oxygen abundance is lower than that measured in the atmospheres of red supergiant stars, leading to the hypothesis that a significant fraction of Oxygen ions have already cooled off and no longer emit at energies > ~0.5 keV.
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A three-dimensional map of the hot Local Bubble using diffuse interstellar bands
A 3D map of the Local Bubble from λ5780 and λ5797 DIBs reveals lower 5797/5780 ratios inside, indicating the λ5780 carrier withstands hot-gas destruction better than the λ5797 carrier.