Symmetry spans enforce gaplessness when a symmetry E embedded into two larger symmetries C and D has no compatible gapped phase that restricts from both.
Anomaly enforced gaplessness for background flux anomalies and symmetry fractionalization
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Broken higher-group and non-invertible symmetries still act on the space of couplings, and their 'family anomalies' force the infrared theory to be gapless, spontaneously broken, or interrupted by a phase transition.
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Symmetry Spans and Enforced Gaplessness
Symmetry spans enforce gaplessness when a symmetry E embedded into two larger symmetries C and D has no compatible gapped phase that restricts from both.
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Generalized Families of QFTs
Broken higher-group and non-invertible symmetries still act on the space of couplings, and their 'family anomalies' force the infrared theory to be gapless, spontaneously broken, or interrupted by a phase transition.