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Vortex rings from high energy central p+A collisions

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abstract

Relativistic p+A collisions may produce droplets of quark gluon plasma (QGP) that quickly develop a toroidal vortex structure similar to that of an expanding smoke ring. We present viscous relativistic hydrodynamic calculations of ultra-central p+A collisions and develop an experimental observable to probe the structure, correlating the polarization and momentum of hyperons emitted from the collision. The effect is robust against changes in the definition of vorticity used to calculate the polarization. Experiments at RHIC and LHC may test the existence and strength of the vortex toroids, bringing new evidence to bear on the question of collectivity in the smallest QGP droplets.

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representative citing papers

Event-by-event vortex rings in fixed-target p+Ar collisions

nucl-th · 2025-08-30 · conditional · novelty 5.0

Hydrodynamic simulations predict lambda polarization in p+Ar collisions that is six times larger for strong early longitudinal flow than for Bjorken flow, with an anti-lambda sign flip at weak flow, testable at LHCb SMOG.

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  • Event-by-event vortex rings in fixed-target p+Ar collisions nucl-th · 2025-08-30 · conditional · none · ref 7 · internal anchor

    Hydrodynamic simulations predict lambda polarization in p+Ar collisions that is six times larger for strong early longitudinal flow than for Bjorken flow, with an anti-lambda sign flip at weak flow, testable at LHCb SMOG.