V-formation angle controls drag reduction in cylinder groups, reaching 80% for interior members at small angles but limited to the leader above 50 degrees.
Even with the differences in the flow field and the streamlines, members 4 and 5 of these formations record similar drag values as that of the solo cylinder as seen in Fig
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Impact of the formation angle on the drag of bio-inspired $\pmb \vee$-formations
V-formation angle controls drag reduction in cylinder groups, reaching 80% for interior members at small angles but limited to the leader above 50 degrees.