For fixed sound-horizon and supernova calibrations, no late-time modification—even one violating cosmic distance duality—can resolve the Hubble tension, because the required ~8-10% CDDR violation is excluded by BAO, cosmic-chronometer, and CMB spectral constraints.
Constraints on the CMB temperature redshift dependence from SZ and distance measurements
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abstract
The relation between redshift and the CMB temperature, $T_{CMB}(z)=T_0(1+z)$ is a key prediction of standard cosmology, but is violated in many non-standard models. Constraining possible deviations to this law is an effective way to test the $\Lambda$CDM paradigm and search for hints of new physics. We present state-of-the-art constraints, using both direct and indirect measurements. In particular, we point out that in models where photons can be created or destroyed, not only does the temperature-redshift relation change, but so does the distance duality relation, and these departures from the standard behaviour are related, providing us with an opportunity to improve constraints. We show that current datasets limit possible deviations of the form $T_{CMB}(z)=T_0(1+z)^{1-\beta}$ to be $\beta=0.004\pm0.016$ up to a redshift $z\sim 3$. We also discuss how, with the next generation of space and ground-based experiments, these constraints can be improved by more than one order of magnitude.
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astro-ph.CO 1years
2026 1verdicts
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Can Distance Duality Violation Save Late-time Solutions to the Hubble Tension?
For fixed sound-horizon and supernova calibrations, no late-time modification—even one violating cosmic distance duality—can resolve the Hubble tension, because the required ~8-10% CDDR violation is excluded by BAO, cosmic-chronometer, and CMB spectral constraints.