3D simulations in an expanding background show cosmic expansion drives nonlinear growth that amplifies gravitational-wave spectra from slow phase transitions by factors of 10 to 100.
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Model-independent energy budget of cosmological first-order phase transitions
12 Pith papers cite this work. Polarity classification is still indexing.
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Pith papers citing it
abstract
We study the energy budget of a first-order cosmological phase transition, which is an important factor in the prediction of the resulting gravitational wave spectrum. Formerly, this analysis was based mostly on simplified models as for example the bag equation of state. Here, we present a model-independent approach that is exact up to the temperature dependence of the speed of sound in the broken phase. We find that the only relevant quantities that enter in the hydrodynamic analysis are the speed of sound in the broken phase and a linear combination of the energy and pressure differences between the two phases which we call pseudotrace (normalized to the enthalpy in the broken phase). The pseudotrace quantifies the strength of the phase transition and yields the conventional trace of the energy-momentum tensor for a relativistic plasma (with speed of sound squared of one third). We study this approach in several realistic models of the phase transition and also provide a code snippet that can be used to determine the efficiency coefficient for a given phase transition strength and speed of sound. It turns out that our approach is accurate to the percent level for moderately strong phase transitions, while former approaches give at best the right order of magnitude.
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Computes the dimensionless spin parameter s = J/(G_N M^2) of false vacuum bubbles from density and velocity perturbations in FOPTs, yielding values from O(10^{-5}) to O(10) and a scaling relation with FOPT timescale, wall velocity, and temperature ratio.
Defines peak-integrated sensitivity curves (PISCs) that fold in the expected spectral shape of gravitational waves from cosmological phase transitions and supplies semianalytical fits plus public data for major detectors.
Polyakov loop contributions to the thermal effective potential soften electroweak phase transitions, disfavoring first-order transitions and suppressing gravitational-wave signals.
Applies high-T dimensional reduction for the first time to a classically scale-invariant model, computes NLO nucleation rate via determinants, and predicts LISA-detectable GW from supercooled PT in SU(2)cSM.
Filtered Dark Matter hydrodynamics during first-order phase transitions is modeled as a two-component fluid, yielding detonation-like and deflagration-like solutions in ballistic and local thermal equilibrium regimes that change relic abundance predictions.
Precision study of dark sector phase transitions finds PTA-favored parameters near EFT breakdown with disfavored GW signals after higher-order corrections.
HydroGrav code computes self-similar fluid profiles and GW spectra using exact EOS from effective potentials for EWPT models, identifying parameter regions in a Z2 SM extension where simplified EOS differ in amplitude and shape, with LISA SNR estimates.
Computes dimension-six operators in finite-temperature massive scalar QED via heat kernel methods and evaluates their combined effect with the Polyakov loop on first-order phase transition thermodynamics.
In the minimal B-L gauge extension, Majorana neutrinos at high breaking scale produce flat GW spectra from cosmic strings, Dirac at low scale produce peaked spectra from first-order phase transitions, and pseudo-Dirac produce kink features from domain wall annihilation.
Radiative electroweak symmetry breaking with a logarithmic potential yields analytical vacuum solutions, four thermal history patterns, and supercooled FOPT gravitational waves whose signals combined with collider data can probe conformal scales to 10^5-10^8 GeV.
Real scalar singlet extension of SM permits strong first-order EWPT for singlet masses up to ~1 TeV; HL-LHC tests large fraction of space while FCC offers discovery reach.
citing papers explorer
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Nonlinear growth and amplification of phase-transition gravitational waves induced by cosmic expansion
3D simulations in an expanding background show cosmic expansion drives nonlinear growth that amplifies gravitational-wave spectra from slow phase transitions by factors of 10 to 100.
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Angular momentum of vacuum bubbles in a first-order phase transition
Computes the dimensionless spin parameter s = J/(G_N M^2) of false vacuum bubbles from density and velocity perturbations in FOPTs, yielding values from O(10^{-5}) to O(10) and a scaling relation with FOPT timescale, wall velocity, and temperature ratio.
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New Sensitivity Curves for Gravitational-Wave Signals from Cosmological Phase Transitions
Defines peak-integrated sensitivity curves (PISCs) that fold in the expected spectral shape of gravitational waves from cosmological phase transitions and supplies semianalytical fits plus public data for major detectors.
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Polyakov Loops Tame Phase Transitions
Polyakov loop contributions to the thermal effective potential soften electroweak phase transitions, disfavoring first-order transitions and suppressing gravitational-wave signals.
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Theoretical consistency and phenomenology of supercooled cosmological phase transitions
Applies high-T dimensional reduction for the first time to a classically scale-invariant model, computes NLO nucleation rate via determinants, and predicts LISA-detectable GW from supercooled PT in SU(2)cSM.
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Hydrodynamics of Filtered Dark Matter: A Two-Component Approach
Filtered Dark Matter hydrodynamics during first-order phase transitions is modeled as a two-component fluid, yielding detonation-like and deflagration-like solutions in ballistic and local thermal equilibrium regimes that change relic abundance predictions.
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A critical look at low-scale cosmological phase transitions in the PTA era
Precision study of dark sector phase transitions finds PTA-favored parameters near EFT breakdown with disfavored GW signals after higher-order corrections.
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HydroGrav: Precise hydrodynamics and gravitational waves for cosmological phase transitions
HydroGrav code computes self-similar fluid profiles and GW spectra using exact EOS from effective potentials for EWPT models, identifying parameter regions in a Z2 SM extension where simplified EOS differ in amplitude and shape, with LISA SNR estimates.
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Higher-dimensional operators and Polyakov loop in hot Scalar QED from the heat kernel
Computes dimension-six operators in finite-temperature massive scalar QED via heat kernel methods and evaluates their combined effect with the Polyakov loop on first-order phase transition thermodynamics.
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Gravitational Wave Signature and the Nature of Neutrino Masses: Majorana, Dirac, or Pseudo-Dirac?
In the minimal B-L gauge extension, Majorana neutrinos at high breaking scale produce flat GW spectra from cosmic strings, Dirac at low scale produce peaked spectra from first-order phase transitions, and pseudo-Dirac produce kink features from domain wall annihilation.
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Probing radiative electroweak symmetry breaking with colliders and gravitational waves
Radiative electroweak symmetry breaking with a logarithmic potential yields analytical vacuum solutions, four thermal history patterns, and supercooled FOPT gravitational waves whose signals combined with collider data can probe conformal scales to 10^5-10^8 GeV.
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Constraining the real scalar singlet extension of the SM
Real scalar singlet extension of SM permits strong first-order EWPT for singlet masses up to ~1 TeV; HL-LHC tests large fraction of space while FCC offers discovery reach.