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Primordial black holes from scalar field evolution in the early universe

5 Pith papers cite this work. Polarity classification is still indexing.

5 Pith papers citing it
abstract

Scalar condensates with large expectation values can form in the early universe, for example, in theories with supersymmetry. The condensate can undergo fragmentation into Q-balls before decaying. If the Q-balls dominate the energy density for some period of time, statistical fluctuations in their number density can lead to formation of primordial black holes (PBH). In the case of supersymmetry the mass range is limited from above by $10^{23}$g. For a general charged scalar field, this robust mechanism can generate black holes over a much broader mass range, including the black holes with masses of 1-100 solar masses, which is relevant for LIGO observations of gravitational waves. Topological defects can lead to formation of PBH in a similar fashion.

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2026 4 2020 1

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representative citing papers

Primordial Black Hole Hotspots Beyond Flat Spacetime

hep-ph · 2026-05-08 · unverdicted · novelty 6.0

Hotspots around light primordial black holes cool faster in an expanding universe following T_plt ∝ t^{-11/15} and vanish completely in finite time, unlike everlasting hotspots in flat spacetime.

Constraints on Primordial Black Holes

astro-ph.CO · 2020-02-27 · accept · novelty 4.0

Updated compilation shows PBHs are tightly constrained across 55 orders of magnitude in mass, ruling out dominant dark matter contributions except in narrow windows, with many limits carrying observational uncertainties.

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