A covariant framework reveals non-closed scalar charges with bulk contributions in ESGB black holes that become closed under shift symmetry and interpret spontaneous scalarization via the Smarr formula.
Black hole hair formation in shift-symmetric generalised scalar-tensor gravity
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A linear coupling between a scalar field and the Gauss-Bonnet invariant is the only known interaction term between a scalar and the metric that: respects shift symmetry; does not lead to higher order equations; inevitably introduces black hole hair in asymptotically flat, 4-dimensional spacetimes. Here we focus on the simplest theory that includes such a term and we explore the dynamical formation of scalar hair. In particular, we work in the decoupling limit that neglects the backreaction of the scalar onto the metric and evolve the scalar configuration numerically in the background of a Schwarzschild black hole or a collapsing dust star described by the Oppenheimer-Snyder solution. For all types of initial data that we consider, the scalar relaxes at late times to the known, static, analytic configuration that is associated with a hairy, spherically symmetric black hole. This suggests that the corresponding black hole solutions are indeed endpoints of collapse.
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Scalar hair sourced by black holes in de Sitter spacetime grows temporally and spatially on superhorizon scales due to the dynamics of a minimally coupled massless scalar field in expanding spacetime, carrying a steady outward energy flux.
Two families of regular hairy black holes are generated from Bardeen and Minkowski-core seeds using gravitational decoupling with an exponential profile, yielding de Sitter or flat cores, critical horizon parameters, and rotating extensions that satisfy the weak energy condition outside.
citing papers explorer
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Non-closed scalar charge in four-dimensional Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet black hole thermodynamics
A covariant framework reveals non-closed scalar charges with bulk contributions in ESGB black holes that become closed under shift symmetry and interpret spontaneous scalarization via the Smarr formula.
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On cosmological properties of black-hole hair in linearly coupled scalar-Gauss-Bonnet theory
Scalar hair sourced by black holes in de Sitter spacetime grows temporally and spatially on superhorizon scales due to the dynamics of a minimally coupled massless scalar field in expanding spacetime, carrying a steady outward energy flux.
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Regular hairy black holes by gravitational decoupling: Bardeen and Minkowski-core seeds
Two families of regular hairy black holes are generated from Bardeen and Minkowski-core seeds using gravitational decoupling with an exponential profile, yielding de Sitter or flat cores, critical horizon parameters, and rotating extensions that satisfy the weak energy condition outside.