In perturbatively moduli-stabilized brane-antibrane inflation, a modest fraction of annihilation energy into visible open strings can trigger a Hagedorn phase that suppresses ΔN_eff when the SM throat string scale is comparable or lower.
Cosmic Strings and Superstrings
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abstract
Cosmic strings are predicted by many field-theory models, and may have been formed at a symmetry-breaking transition early in the history of the universe, such as that associated with grand unification. They could have important cosmological effects. Scenarios suggested by fundamental string theory or M-theory, in particular the popular idea of brane inflation, also strongly suggest the appearance of similar structures. Here we review the reasons for postulating the existence of cosmic strings or superstrings, the various possible ways in which they might be detected observationally, and the special features that might discriminate between ordinary cosmic strings and superstrings.
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Fire at the Tip of the Throat: Hagedorn Phase after brane-antibrane inflation?
In perturbatively moduli-stabilized brane-antibrane inflation, a modest fraction of annihilation energy into visible open strings can trigger a Hagedorn phase that suppresses ΔN_eff when the SM throat string scale is comparable or lower.