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Density-Based Semantics for Reactive Probabilistic Programming

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abstract

Synchronous languages are now a standard industry tool for critical embedded systems. Designers write high-level specifications by composing streams of values using block diagrams. These languages have been extended with Bayesian reasoning to program state-space models which compute a stream of distributions given a stream of observations. However, the semantics of probabilistic models is only defined for scheduled equations -- a significant limitation compared to dataflow synchronous languages and block diagrams which do not require any ordering. In this paper we propose two schedule agnostic semantics for a probabilistic synchronous language. The key idea is to interpret probabilistic expressions as a stream of un-normalized density functions which maps random variable values to a result and positive score. The co-iterative semantics interprets programs as state machines and equations are computed using a fixpoint operator. The relational semantics directly manipulates streams and is thus a better fit to reason about program equivalence. We use the relational semantics to prove the correctness of a program transformation required to run an optimized inference algorithm for state-space models with constant parameters.

fields

cs.LG 1

years

2026 1

verdicts

CONDITIONAL 1

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  • MixQuant: Adaptive Mixed-Precision Quantization for Large Language Models cs.LG · 2026-07-25 · conditional · none · ref 5 · internal anchor

    A single calibration that marginalizes layer distortion over random quantized upstream contexts yields budget-agnostic bit allocations that beat FP16-scored adaptive baselines across Llama-3.2-3B, Llama-2-7B, and Mistral-7B.