A Weighted Spike-Triggered Average of a Fluctuating Stimulus Yielding the Phase Response Curve

We demonstrate that the phase response curve (PRC) can be reconstructed using a weighted spike-triggered average of an injected fluctuating input. The key idea is to choose the weight to be proportional to the magnitude of the fluctuation of the oscillatory period. Particularly, when a neuron exhibits random switching behavior between two bursting modes, two corresponding PRCs can be simultaneously reconstructed, even from the data of a single trial. This method offers an efficient alternative to the experimental investigation of oscillatory systems, without the need for detailed modeling.