Radio Mode Outbursts in Giant Elliptical Galaxies

Outbursts from active galactic nuclei (AGN) affect the hot atmospheres of isolated giant elliptical galaxies (gE's), as well as those in groups and clusters of galaxies. Chandra observations of a sample of nearby gE's show that the average power of AGN outbursts is sufficient to stop their hot atmospheres from cooling and forming stars, consistent with radio mode feedback models. The outbursts are intermittent, with duty cycles that increases with size.