Gauge-invariant treatment of the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect on general spherically symmetric spacetimes

On the basis of the Gerlach-Sengupta theory of gauge-invariant perturbations, a formula of the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect for a central observer is derived on general spherically symmetric spacetimes. It will be useful for comparative studies of theoretical and observational aspects of the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect in the Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi cosmological models which have been noticed by explaining the apparent acceleration without cosmological constant.