Microquasars in the GeV-TeV era

The discovery of non-thermal X-ray emission from the jets of some X-ray binaries, and especially the discovery of GeV-TeV gamma-rays in some of them, provide a clear evidence of very efficient acceleration of particles to multi-TeV energies in these systems. The observations demonstrate the richness of non-thermal phenomena in compact galactic objects containing relativistic outflows or winds produced near black holes and neutron stars. We review here some of the main observational results on the non-thermal emission from X-ray binaries as well as some of the proposed scenarios to explain the production of high-energy gamma-rays.