Real-variable characterizations of Bergman spaces

In this paper, we give a survey of results obtained recently by the present authors on real-variable characterizations of Bergman spaces, which are closely related to maximal and area integral functions in terms of the Bergman metric. In particular, we give a new proof of those results concerning area integral characterizations through using the method of vector-valued Calder\'{o}n-Zygmund operators to handle Bergman singular integral operators on the complex ball. The proofs involve some sharp estimates of the Bergman kernel function and Bergman metric.