Algorithmes auto-stabilisants pour la construction d'arbres couvrants et la gestion d'entit\'es autonomes

In the context of large-scale networks, the consideration of faults is an evident necessity. This document is focussing on the self-stabilizing approach which aims at conceiving algorithms "repairing themselves" in case of transient faults, that is of faults implying an arbitrary modification of the states of the processes. The document focuses on two different contexts, covering the major part of my research work these last years. The first part of the document is dedicated to the design and analysis of self-stabilizing algorithms for networks of processes. The second part of the document is dedicated to the design and analysis of self-stabilizing algorithms for autonomous entities (i.e., software agents, robots, etc.) moving in a network.