Besov-Type Spaces with Variable Smoothness and Integrability

In this article, the authors introduce Besov-type spaces with variable smoothness and integrability. The authors then establish their characterizations, respectively, in terms of $\varphi$-transforms in the sense of Frazier and Jawerth, smooth atoms or Peetre maximal functions, as well as a Sobolev-type embedding. As an application of their atomic characterization, the authors obtain a trace theorem of these variable Besov-type spaces.