Planck intermediate results. XLI. A map of lensing-induced B-modes

Planck Collaboration: P. A. R. Ade , N. Aghanim , M. Ashdown , J. Aumont , C. Baccigalupi , A. J. Banday , R. B. Barreiro , N. Bartolo

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S. Basak E. Battaner K. Benabed A. Benoit-L\'evy J.-P. Bernard M. Bersanelli P. Bielewicz J. J. Bock A. Bonaldi L. Bonavera J. R. Bond J. Borrill F. R. Bouchet F. Boulanger C. Burigana R. C. Butler E. Calabrese J.-F. Cardoso A. Catalano H. C. Chiang P. R. Christensen D. L. Clements S. Colombi L. P. L. Colombo C. Combet B. P. Crill A. Curto F. Cuttaia L. Danese R. J. Davis P. De Bernardis G. de Zotti J. Delabrouille C. Dickinson J. M. Diego O. Dor\'e A. Ducout X. Dupac F. Elsner T. A. En{\ss}lin H. K. Eriksen F. Finelli O. Forni M. Frailis A. A. Fraisse E. Franceschi S. Galeotta S. Galli K. Ganga T. Ghosh M. Giard Y. Giraud-H\'eraud E. Gjerl{\o}w J. Gonz\'alez-Nuevo K. M. G\'orski A. Gruppuso J. E. Gudmundsson D. L. Harrison C. Hern\'andez-Monteagudo D. Herranz S. R. Hildebrandt A. Hornstrup W. Hovest G. Hurier A. H. Jaffe W. C. Jones E. Keih\"anen R. Keskitalo T. S. Kisner J. Knoche L. Knox M. Kunz H. Kurki-Suonio G. Lagache A. L\"ahteenm\"aki J.-M. Lamarre A. Lasenby M. Lattanzi R. Leonardi F. Levrier P. B. Lilje M. Linden-V{\o}rnle M. L\'opez-Caniego P. M. Lubin J. F. Mac\'ias-P\'erez B. Maffei G. Maggio D. Maino N. Mandolesi A. Mangilli M. Maris P. G. Martin E. Mart\'inez-Gonz\'alez S. Masi S. Matarrese P. R. Meinhold A. Melchiorri A. Mennella M. Migliaccio S. Mitra M.-A. Miville-Desch\^enes A. Moneti L. Montier G. Morgante D. Mortlock A. Moss D. Munshi J. A. Murphy P. Naselsky F. Nati P. Natoli C. B. Netterfield H. U. N{\o}rgaard-Nielsen D. Novikov I. Novikov L. Pagano F. Pajot D. Paoletti F. Pasian G. Patanchon O. Perdereau L. Perotto V. Pettorino F. Piacentini M. Piat E. Pierpaoli E. Pointecouteau G. Polenta G. W. Pratt J. P. Rachen M. Reinecke M. Remazeilles C. Renault A. Renzi I. Ristorcelli G. Rocha C. Rosset M. Rossetti G. Roudier J. A. Rubi\~no-Mart\'in B. Rusholme M. Sandri D. Santos M. Savelainen G. Savini D. Scott L. D. Spencer V. Stolyarov R. Stompor R. Sudiwala R. Sunyaev D. Sutton A.-S. Suur-Uski J.-F. Sygnet J. A. Tauber L. Terenzi L. Toffolatti M. Tomasi M. Tristram M. Tucci J. Tuovinen L. Valenziano J. Valiviita B. Van Tent P. Vielva F. Villa L. A. Wade B. D. Wandelt I. K. Wehus D. Yvon A. Zacchei A. Zonca

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keywords modeslensing-inducedmodeplanckall-skylensingpolarizationsecondary

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The secondary cosmic microwave background (CMB) $B$-modes stem from the post-decoupling distortion of the polarization $E$-modes due to the gravitational lensing effect of large-scale structures. These lensing-induced $B$-modes constitute both a valuable probe of the dark matter distribution and an important contaminant for the extraction of the primary CMB $B$-modes from inflation. Planck provides accurate nearly all-sky measurements of both the polarization $E$-modes and the integrated mass distribution via the reconstruction of the CMB lensing potential. By combining these two data products, we have produced an all-sky template map of the lensing-induced $B$-modes using a real-space algorithm that minimizes the impact of sky masks. The cross-correlation of this template with an observed (primordial and secondary) $B$-mode map can be used to measure the lensing $B$-mode power spectrum at multipoles up to $2000$. In particular, when cross-correlating with the $B$-mode contribution directly derived from the Planck polarization maps, we obtain lensing-induced $B$-mode power spectrum measurement at a significance level of $12\,\sigma$, which agrees with the theoretical expectation derived from the Planck best-fit $\Lambda$CDM model. This unique nearly all-sky secondary $B$-mode template, which includes the lensing-induced information from intermediate to small ($10\lesssim \ell\lesssim 1000$) angular scales, is delivered as part of the Planck 2015 public data release. It will be particularly useful for experiments searching for primordial $B$-modes, such as BICEP2/Keck Array or LiteBIRD, since it will enable an estimate to be made of the lensing-induced contribution to the measured total CMB $B$-modes.

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Planck intermediate results. XLI. A map of lensing-induced B-modes

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