Semiclassical limit of the focusing NLS: Whitham equations and the Riemann-Hilbert Problem approach

The main goal of this paper is to put together: a) the Whitham theory applicable to slowly modulated $N$-phase nonlinear wave solutions to the focusing nonlinear Schr\"odinger (fNLS) equation, and b) the Riemann-Hilbert Problem approach to particular solutions of the fNLS in the semiclassical (small dispersion) limit that develop slowly modulated $N$-phase nonlinear wave in the process of evolution. Both approaches have their own merits and limitations. Understanding of the interrelations between them could prove beneficial for a broad range of problems involving the semiclassical fNLS.