Measurements of resonant scattering in the Perseus cluster core with Hitomi SXS

Hitomi Collaboration: Felix Aharonian , Hiroki Akamatsu , Fumie Akimoto , Steven W. Allen , Lorella Angelini , Marc Audard , Hisamitsu Awaki , Magnus Axelsson

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Aya Bamba Marshall W. Bautz Roger Blandford Laura W. Brenneman Greg V. Brown Esra Bulbul Edward M. Cackett Maria Chernyakova Meng P. Chiao Paolo S. Coppi Elisa Costantini Jelle de Plaa Cor P. de Vries Jan-Willem den Herder Chris Done Tadayasu Dotani Ken Ebisawa Megan E. Eckart Teruaki Enoto Yuichiro Ezoe Andrew C. Fabian Carlo Ferrigno Adam R. Foster Ryuichi Fujimoto Yasushi Fukazawa Akihiro Furuzawa Massimiliano Galeazzi Luigi C. Gallo Poshak Gandhi Margherita Giustini Andrea Goldwurm Liyi Gu Matteo Guainazzi Yoshito Haba Kouichi Hagino Kenji Hamaguchi Ilana M. Harrus Isamu Hatsukade Katsuhiro Hayashi Takayuki Hayashi Kiyoshi Hayashida Junko S. Hiraga Ann Hornschemeier Akio Hoshino John P. Hughes Yuto Ichinohe Ryo Iizuka Hajime Inoue Yoshiyuki Inoue Manabu Ishida Kumi Ishikawa Yoshitaka Ishisaki Jelle Kaastra Tim Kallman Tsuneyoshi Kamae Jun Kataoka Satoru Katsuda Nobuyuki Kawai Richard L. Kelley Caroline A. Kilbourne Takao Kitaguchi Shunji Kitamoto Tetsu Kitayama Takayoshi Kohmura Motohide Kokubun Katsuji Koyama Shu Koyama Peter Kretschmar Hans A. Krimm Aya Kubota Hideyo Kunieda Philippe Laurent Shiu-Hang Lee Maurice A. Leutenegger Olivier O. Limousin Michael Loewenstein Knox S. Long David Lumb Greg Madejski Yoshitomo Maeda Daniel Maier Kazuo Makishima Maxim Markevitch Hironori Matsumoto Kyoko Matsushita Dan McCammon Brian R. McNamara Missagh Mehdipour Eric D. Miller Jon M. Miller Shin Mineshige Kazuhisa Mitsuda Ikuyuki Mitsuishi Takuya Miyazawa Tsunefumi Mizuno Hideyuki Mori Koji Mori Koji Mukai Hiroshi Murakami Richard F. Mushotzky Takao Nakagawa Hiroshi Nakajima Takeshi Nakamori Shinya Nakashima Kazuhiro Nakazawa Kumiko K. Nobukawa Masayoshi Nobukawa Hirofumi Noda Hirokazu Odaka Takaya Ohashi Masanori Ohno Takashi Okajima Naomi Ota Masanobu Ozaki Frits Paerels Stephane Paltani Robert Petre Ciro Pinto Frederick S. Porter Katja Pottschmidt Christopher S. Reynolds Samar Safi-Harb Shinya Saito Kazuhiro Sakai Toru Sasaki Goro Sato Kosuke Sato Rie Sato Toshiki Sato Makoto Sawada Norbert Schartel Peter J. Serlemtsos Hiromi Seta Megumi Shidatsu Aurora Simionescu Randall K. Smith Yang Soong Lukasz Stawarz Yasuharu Sugawara Satoshi Sugita Andrew Szymkowiak Hiroyasu Tajima Hiromitsu Takahashi Tadayuki Takahashi Shinichiro Takeda Yoh Takei Toru Tamagawa Takayuki Tamura Takaaki Tanaka Yasuo Tanaka Yasuyuki T. Tanaka Makoto S. Tashiro Yuzuru Tawara Yukikatsu Terada Yuichi Terashima Francesco Tombesi Hiroshi Tomida Yohko Tsuboi Masahiro Tsujimoto Hiroshi Tsunemi Takeshi Go Tsuru Hiroyuki Uchida Hideki Uchiyama Yasunobu Uchiyama Shutaro Ueda Yoshihiro Ueda Shinichiro Uno C. Megan Urry Eugenio Ursino Shin Watanabe Norbert Werner Dan R. Wilkins Brian J. Williams Shinya Yamada Hiroya Yamaguchi Kazutaka Yamaoka Noriko Y. Yamasaki Makoto Yamauchi Shigeo Yamauchi Tahir Yaqoob Yoichi Yatsu Daisuke Yonetoku Irina Zhuravleva Abderahmen Zoghbi Maki Furukawa Anna Ogorzalek

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classification 🌌 astro-ph.HE

keywords linehitomiperseuscorelinesmeasurementsmotionspredictions

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Thanks to its high spectral resolution (~5 eV at 6 keV), the Soft X-ray Spectrometer (SXS) on board Hitomi enables us to measure the detailed structure of spatially resolved emission lines from highly ionized ions in galaxy clusters for the first time. In this series of papers, using the SXS we have measured the velocities of gas motions, metallicities and the multi-temperature structure of the gas in the core of the Perseus cluster. Here, we show that when inferring physical properties from line emissivities in systems like Perseus, the resonant scattering (RS) effect should be taken into account. In the Hitomi waveband, RS mostly affects the FeXXV He$\alpha$ line ($w$) - the strongest line in the spectrum. The flux measured by Hitomi in this line is suppressed by a factor ~1.3 in the inner ~30 kpc, compared to predictions for an optically thin plasma; the suppression decreases with the distance from the center. The $w$ line also appears slightly broader than other lines from the same ion. The observed distortions of the $w$ line flux, shape and distance dependence are all consistent with the expected effect of the resonant scattering in the Perseus core. By measuring the ratio of fluxes in optically thick ($w$) and thin (FeXXV forbidden, He$\beta$, Ly$\alpha$) lines, and comparing these ratios with predictions from Monte Carlo radiative transfer simulations, the velocities of gas motions have been obtained. The results are consistent with the direct measurements of gas velocities from line broadening described elsewhere in this series, although the systematic and statistical uncertainties remain significant. Further improvements in the predictions of line emissivities in plasma models, and deeper observations with future X-ray missions will enable RS measurements to provide powerful constraints on the amplitude and anisotropy of clusters gas motions.

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Measurements of resonant scattering in the Perseus cluster core with Hitomi SXS

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