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arxiv: 1806.05367 · v2 · submitted 2018-06-14 · 🌌 astro-ph.GA

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Detection of persistent VHE gamma-ray emission from PKS 1510-089 by the MAGIC telescopes during low states between 2012 and 2017

MAGIC Collaboration: V. A. Acciari (1) , S. Ansoldi (2 , 21) , L. A. Antonelli (3) , A. Arbet Engels (4) , C. Arcaro (5) , D. Baack (6) , A. Babi\'c (7)
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B. Banerjee (8) P. Bangale (9) U. Barres de Almeida (9 10) J. A. Barrio (11) J. Becerra Gonz\'alez (1) W. Bednarek (12) E. Bernardini (5 13 24) A. Berti (2 25) J. Besenrieder (9) W. Bhattacharyya (13) C. Bigongiari (3) A. Biland (4) O. Blanch (14) G. Bonnoli (15) R. Carosi (16) G. Ceribella (9) A. Chatterjee (8) S. M. Colak (14) P. Colin (9) E. Colombo (1) J. L. Contreras (11) J. Cortina (14) S. Covino (3) P. Cumani (14) V. D'Elia (3) P. Da Vela (17) F. Dazzi (3) A. De Angelis (5) B. De Lotto (2) M. Delfino (14 26) J. Delgado (14 F. Di Pierro (17) A. Dom\'inguez (11) D. Dominis Prester (7) D. Dorner (18) M. Doro (5) S. Einecke (6) D. Elsaesser (6) V. Fallah Ramazani (19) A. Fattorini (6) A. Fern\'andez-Barral (5 14) G. Ferrara (3) D. Fidalgo (11) L. Foffano (5) M. V. Fonseca (11) L. Font (20) C. Fruck (9) S. Gallozzi (3) R. J. Garc\'ia L\'opez (1) M. Garczarczyk (13) M. Gaug (20) P. Giammaria (3) N. Godinovi\'c (7) D. Guberman (14) D. Hadasch (21) A. Hahn (9) T. Hassan (14) J. Herrera (1) J. Hoang (11) D. Hrupec (7) S. Inoue (21) K. Ishio (9) Y. Iwamura (21) H. Kubo (21) J. Kushida (21) D. Kuve\v{z}di\'c (7) A. Lamastra (3) D. Lelas (7) F. Leone (3) E. Lindfors (19) S. Lombardi (3) F. Longo (2 M. L\'opez (11) A. L\'opez-Oramas (1) C. Maggio (20) P. Majumdar (8) M. Makariev (22) G. Maneva (22) M. Manganaro (1) K. Mannheim (18) L. Maraschi (3) M. Mariotti (5) M. Mart\'inez (14) S. Masuda (21) D. Mazin (9 M. Minev (22) J. M. Miranda (15) R. Mirzoyan (9) E. Molina (23) A. Moralejo (14) V. Moreno (20) E. Moretti (14) V. Neustroev (19) A. Niedzwiecki (12) M. Nievas Rosillo (11) C. Nigro (13) K. Nilsson (19) D. Ninci (14) K. Nishijima (21) K. Noda (21) L. Nogu\'es (14) S. Paiano (5) J. Palacio (14) D. Paneque (9) R. Paoletti (15) J. M. Paredes (23) G. Pedaletti (13) P. Pe\~nil (11) M. Peresano (2) M. Persic (2 27) P. G. Prada Moroni (16) E. Prandini (5) I. Puljak (7) J. R. Garcia (9) W. Rhode (6) M. Rib\'o (23) J. Rico (14) C. Righi (3) A. Rugliancich (15) L. Saha (11) T. Saito (21) K. Satalecka (13) T. Schweizer (9) J. Sitarek (12) I. \v{S}nidari\'c (7) D. Sobczynska (12) A. Somero (1) A. Stamerra (3) M. Strzys (9) T. Suri\'c (7) F. Tavecchio (3) P. Temnikov (22) T. Terzi\'c (7) M. Teshima (9 N. Torres-Alb\`a (23) S. Tsujimoto (21) G. Vanzo (1) M. Vazquez Acosta (1) I. Vovk (9) J. E. Ward (14) M. Will (9) D. Zari\'c (7) C. M. Raiteri (27) A. Sandrinelli (28 29) T. Hovatta (31) S. Kiehlmann (30) W. Max-Moerbeck M. Tornikoski A. L\"ahteenm\"aki J. Tammi V. Ramakrishnan C. Thum I. Agudo S. N. Molina J. L. G\'omez A. Fuentes C. Casadio E. Traianou I. Myserlis J.-Y. Kim ((1) Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias La Laguna (Tenerife) Spain (2) Universit\`a di Udine INFN Sezione di Trieste Italy Udine (3) INAF - National Institute for Astrophysics Roma (4) ETH Zurich Institute for Particle Physics Zurich Switzerland (5) Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell' Universit\`a sezione INFN Padova (6) Technische Universit\"at Dortmund Dortmund Germany (7) Croatian MAGIC Consortium: Rudjer Boskovic Institute University of Rijeka University of Split - FESB University of Zagreb-FER University of Osijek Split Croatia (8) Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics HBNI Kolkata India (9) Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Physik M\"unchen (10) now at Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas F\'isicas (CBPF) Rio de Janeiro Brasil (11) Unidad de Part\'iculas y Cosmolog\'ia (UPARCOS) Universidad Complutense E-28040 Madrid Madrid (12) Division of Astrophysics University of Lodz Lodz Poland (13) Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY) Zeuthen Zeuthen (14) Institut de F\'isica d'Altes Energies (IFAE) The Barcelona Institute of Science Technology (BIST) E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona) Bellaterra (Barcelona) (15) Dipartimento SFTA Sezione di Fisica Universit\`a di Siena INFN Sez. di Pisa Siena (16) Universita di Pisa INFN Pisa Pisa (17) INFN Consortium Rome (18) Institut f\"ur Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik - Fakult\"at f\"ur Physik und Astronomie - Universit\"at W\"urzburg W\"urzburg (19) Finnish MAGIC Consortium: Tuorla Observatory Finnish Centre of Astronomy with ESO (FINCA) University of Turku Vaisalantie 20 FI-21500 Piikki\"o Astronomy Division University of Oulu FIN-90014 University of Oulu Finland Piikki\"o (20) Universitat Aut\`onoma de Barcelona Barcelona (21) Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR The University of Tokyo 277-8582 Chiba Japan Department of Physics Kyoto University 606-8502 Kyoto Tokai University 259-1292 Kanagawa RIKEN 351-0198 Saitama Japan (22) Institute for Nuclear Research Nuclear Energy Sofia Bulgaria (23) Universitat de Barcelona (24) Humboldt University of Berlin Institut f\"ur Physik D-12489 Berlin Germany (25) also at Dipartimento di Fisica Universit\`a di Trieste I-34127 Trieste (26) also at Port d'Informaci\'o Cient\'ifica (PIC) E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain (27) also at INAF-Trieste Dept. of Physics \& Astronomy University of Bologna)
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classification 🌌 astro-ph.GA
keywords emissiongamma-rayregionduringdatafluxmagicstate
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PKS 1510-089 is a flat spectrum radio quasar strongly variable in the optical and GeV range. We search for low-state VHE gamma-ray emission from PKS 1510-089. We aim to characterize and model the source in a broad-band context, which would provide a baseline over which high states and flares could be better understood. We use daily binned Fermi-LAT flux measurements of PKS 1510-089 to characterize the GeV emission and select the observation periods of MAGIC during low state of activity. For the selected times we compute the average radio, IR, optical, UV, X-ray and gamma-ray emission to construct a low-state spectral energy distribution of the source. The broadband emission is modelled within an External Compton scenario with a stationary emission region through which plasma and magnetic field are flowing. We perform also the emission-model-independent calculations of the maximum absorption in the broad line region (BLR) using two different models. Results. The MAGIC telescopes collected 75 hrs of data during times when the Fermi-LAT flux measured above 1 GeV was below 3x10-8cm-2s-1, which is the threshold adopted for the definition of a low gamma-ray activity state. The data show a strongly significant (9.5{\sigma}) VHE gamma-ray emission at the level of (4.27+-0.61stat)x10-12cm-2s-1 above 150GeV, a factor 80 smaller than the highest flare observed so far from this object. Despite the lower flux, the spectral shape is consistent with earlier detections in the VHE band. The broad-band emission is compatible with the EC scenario assuming a large emission region located beyond the BLR. For the first time the gamma-ray data allow us to place a limit on the location of the emission region during a low gamma-ray state of a FSRQ. For the used model of the BLR, the 95% C.L. on the location of the emission region allows us to place it at the distance >74% of the outer radius of the BLR.

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