Decision Directed Channel Estimation Based on Deep Neural Network k-step Predictor for MIMO Communications in 5G

We consider the use of deep neural network (DNN) to develop a decision-directed (DD)-channel estimation (CE) algorithm for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO)-space-time block coded systems in highly dynamic vehicular environments. We propose the use of DNN for k-step channel prediction for space-time block code (STBC)s, and show that deep learning (DL)-based DD-CE can removes the need for Doppler spread estimation in fast time-varying quasi stationary channels, where the Doppler spread varies from one packet to another. Doppler spread estimation in this kind of vehicular channels is remarkably challenging and requires a large number of pilots and preambles, leading to lower power and spectral efficiency. We train two DNNs which learn real and imaginary parts of the MIMO fading channels over a wide range of Doppler spreads. We demonstrate that by those DNNs, DD-CE can be realized with only rough priori knowledge about Doppler spread range. For the proposed DD-CE algorithm, we also analytically derive the maximum likelihood (ML) decoding algorithm for STBC transmission. The proposed DL-based DD-CE is a promising solution for reliable communication over the vehicular MIMO fading channels without accurate mathematical models. This is because DNN can intelligently learn the statistics of the fading channels. Our simulation results show that the proposed DL-based DD-CE algorithm exhibits lower propagation error compared to existing DD-CE algorithms while the latters require perfect knowledge of the Doppler rate.