Interferometric optical signature of electron microbunching in laser-driven plasma accelerators

We report observations of coherent optical transition radiation interferometry (COTRI) patterns generated by microbunched ~200-MeV electrons as they emerge from a laser-plasma accelerator. The divergence of the microbunched portion of electrons, deduced by comparison to an analytical COTRI model, is ~6x smaller than the ~3 mrad ensemble beam divergence, while the radius of the microbunched beam, obtained from COTR images on the same shot, is < 3 microns. The combined results show that the microbunched distribution has estimated transverse normalized emittance ~0.5 mm mrad.