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arxiv: 2501.08685 · v1 · pith:UQQAGSF7new · submitted 2025-01-15 · 🌌 astro-ph.HE · astro-ph.GA

The putative center in NGC 1052

Anne-Kathrin Baczko , Matthias Kadler , Eduardo Ros , Christian M. Fromm , Maciek Wielgus , Manel Perucho , Thomas P. Krichbaum , Mislav Balokovi\'c
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Lindy Blackburn Chi-kwan Chan Sara Issaoun Michael Janssen Luca Ricci Kazunori Akiyama Ezequiel Albentosa-Ru\'iz Antxon Alberdi Walter Alef Juan Carlos Algaba Richard Anantua Keiichi Asada Rebecca Azulay Uwe Bach David Ball Bidisha Bandyopadhyay John Barrett Michi Baub\"ock Bradford A. Benson Dan Bintley Raymond Blundell Katherine L. Bouman Geoffrey C. Bower Hope Boyce Michael Bremer Christiaan D. Brinkerink Roger Brissenden Silke Britzen Avery E. Broderick Dominique Broguiere Thomas Bronzwaer Sandra Bustamante Do-Young Byun John E. Carlstrom Chiara Ceccobello Andrew Chael Dominic O. Chang Koushik Chatterjee Shami Chatterjee Ming-Tang Chen Yongjun Chen Xiaopeng Cheng Ilje Cho Pierre Christian Nicholas S. Conroy John E. Conway James M. Cordes Thomas M. Crawford Geoffrey B. Crew Alejandro Cruz-Osorio Yuzhu Cui Rohan Dahale Jordy Davelaar Mariafelicia De Laurentis Roger Deane Jessica Dempsey Gregory Desvignes Jason Dexter Vedant Dhruv Indu K. Dihingia Sheperd S. Doeleman Sean Taylor Dougall Sergio A. Dzib Ralph P. Eatough Razieh Emami Heino Falcke Joseph Farah Vincent L. Fish Edward Fomalont H. Alyson Ford Marianna Foschi Raquel Fraga-Encinas William T. Freeman Per Friberg Antonio Fuentes Peter Galison Charles F. Gammie Roberto Garc\'ia Olivier Gentaz Boris Georgiev Ciriaco Goddi Roman Gold Arturo I. G\'omez-Ruiz Jos\'e L. G\'omez Minfeng Gu Mark Gurwell Kazuhiro Hada Daryl Haggard Kari Haworth Michael H. Hecht Ronald Hesper Dirk Heumann Luis C. Ho Paul Ho Mareki Honma Chih-Wei L. Huang Lei Huang David H. Hughes C. M. Violette Impellizzeri Makoto Inoue David J. James Buell T. Jannuzi Britton Jeter Wu Jiang Alejandra Jim\'enez-Rosales Michael D. Johnson Svetlana Jorstad Abhishek V. Joshi Taehyun Jung Mansour Karami Ramesh Karuppusamy Tomohisa Kawashima Garrett K. Keating Mark Kettenis Dong-Jin Kim Jae-Young Kim Jongsoo Kim Junhan Kim Motoki Kino Jun Yi Koay Prashant Kocherlakota Yutaro Kofuji Shoko Koyama Carsten Kramer Joana A. Kramer Michael Kramer Cheng-Yu Kuo Noemi La Bella Tod R. Lauer Daeyoung Lee Sang-Sung Lee Po Kin Leung Aviad Levis Zhiyuan Li Rocco Lico Greg Lindahl Michael Lindqvist Mikhail Lisakov Jun Liu Kuo Liu Elisabetta Liuzzo Wen-Ping Lo Andrei P. Lobanov Laurent Loinard Colin J. Lonsdale Amy E. Lowitz Ru-Sen Lu Nicholas R. MacDonald Jirong Mao Nicola Marchili Sera Markoff Daniel P. Marrone Alan P. Marscher Iv\'an Mart\'i-Vidal Satoki Matsushita Lynn D. Matthews Lia Medeiros Karl M. Menten Daniel Michalik Izumi Mizuno Yosuke Mizuno James M. Moran Kotaro Moriyama Monika Moscibrodzka Wanga Mulaudzi Cornelia M\"uller Hendrik M\"uller Alejandro Mus Gibwa Musoke Ioannis Myserlis Andrew Nadolski Hiroshi Nagai Neil M. Nagar Dhanya G. Nair Masanori Nakamura Gopal Narayanan Iniyan Natarajan Antonios Nathanail Santiago Navarro Fuentes Joey Neilsen Roberto Neri Chunchong Ni Aristeidis Noutsos Michael A. Nowak Junghwan Oh Hiroki Okino H\'ector Ra\'ul Olivares S\'anchez Gisela N. Ortiz-Le\'on Tomoaki Oyama Feryal \"Ozel Daniel C. M. Palumbo Georgios Filippos Paraschos Jongho Park Harriet Parsons Nimesh Patel Ue-Li Pen Dominic W. Pesce Vincent Pi\'etu Richard Plambeck Aleksandar PopStefanija Oliver Porth Felix M. P\"otzl Ben Prather Jorge A. Preciado-L\'opez Giacomo Principe Dimitrios Psaltis Hung-Yi Pu Venkatessh Ramakrishnan Ramprasad Rao Mark G. Rawlings Alexander W. Raymond Angelo Ricarte Bart Ripperda Freek Roelofs Alan Rogers Cristina Romero-Ca\~nizales Arash Roshanineshat Helge Rottmann Alan L. Roy Ignacio Ruiz Chet Ruszczyk Kazi L. J. Rygl Salvador S\'anchez David S\'anchez-Arg\"uelles Miguel S\'anchez-Portal Mahito Sasada Kaushik Satapathy Tuomas Savolainen F. Peter Schloerb Jonathan Schonfeld Karl-Friedrich Schuster Lijing Shao Zhiqiang Shen Des Small Bong Won Sohn Jason SooHoo Le\'on David Sosapanta Salas Kamal Souccar Joshua S. Stanway He Sun Fumie Tazaki Alexandra J. Tetarenko Paul Tiede Remo P. J. Tilanus Michael Titus Pablo Torne Teresa Toscano Efthalia Traianou Tyler Trent Sascha Trippe Matthew Turk Ilse van Bemmel Huib Jan van Langevelde Daniel R. van Rossum Jesse Vos Jan Wagner Derek Ward-Thompson John Wardle Jasmin E. Washington Jonathan Weintroub Robert Wharton Kaj Wiik Gunther Witzel Michael F. Wondrak George N. Wong Qingwen Wu Nitika Yadlapalli Paul Yamaguchi Aristomenis Yfantis Doosoo Yoon Andr\'e Young Ken Young Ziri Younsi Wei Yu Feng Yuan Ye-Fei Yuan J. Anton Zensus Shuo Zhang Guang-Yao Zhao
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classification 🌌 astro-ph.HE astro-ph.GA
keywords regionfieldmagneticcentralinnermostjetsaccelerationexpansion
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Many active galaxies harbor powerful relativistic jets, however, the detailed mechanisms of their formation and acceleration remain poorly understood. To investigate the area of jet acceleration and collimation with the highest available angular resolution, we study the innermost region of the bipolar jet in the nearby low-ionization nuclear emission-line region (LINER) galaxy NGC 1052. We combined observations of NGC 1052 taken with VLBA, GMVA, and EHT over one week in the spring of 2017. For the first time, NGC 1052 was detected with the EHT, providing a size of the central region in-between both jet bases of 250 RS (Schwarzschild radii) perpendicular to the jet axes. This size estimate supports previous studies of the jets expansion profile which suggest two breaks of the profile at around 300 RS and 10000 RS distances to the core. Furthermore, we estimated the magnetic field to be 1.25 Gauss at a distance of 22 {\mu}as from the central engine by fitting a synchrotron-self absorption spectrum to the innermost emission feature, which shows a spectral turn-over at about 130 GHz. Assuming a purely poloidal magnetic field, this implies an upper limit on the magnetic field strength at the event horizon of 26000 Gauss, which is consistent with previous measurements. The complex, low-brightness, double-sided jet structure in NGC 1052 makes it a challenge to detect the source at millimeter (mm) wavelengths. However, our first EHT observations have demonstrated that detection is possible up to at least 230 GHz. This study offers a glimpse through the dense surrounding torus and into the innermost central region, where the jets are formed. This has enabled us to finally resolve this region and provide improved constraints on its expansion and magnetic field strength.

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