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arxiv: 2606.05830 · v1 · pith:AGSTEPHLnew · submitted 2026-06-04 · 🧮 math.PR

Biased Random Walk on mathbb Z_+ with Traps of Linearly Increasing Depth

classification 🧮 math.PR
keywords lambdafracinftyquadrandomwalkbackbonebiased
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We study a $\lambda$-biased random walk $(X_n)_{n\ge0}$ on the deterministic infinite rooted tree $\mathcal{T}=\{(i,j): i\ge0,\,0\le j\le i\}$, whose backbone is $\{(i,0):i\ge0\}$ and, for each $i\ge1$, the segment $\{(i,j):1\le j\le i\}$ forms a trap attached to $(i,0)$. The trapping effect induces long sojourns, yielding asymptotics markedly different from simple random walks. The walk is recurrent for $\lambda\ge1$ and transient for $0<\lambda<1$. In the transient regime it is sub-ballistic: its distance from the root grows logarithmically, with \[ \liminf_{n\to\infty}\frac{|X_n|}{\log n}=\frac{1}{\log(1/\lambda)},\quad \limsup_{n\to\infty}\frac{|X_n|}{\log n}=\frac{2}{\log(1/\lambda)},\quad\text{a.s.}. \] A contrast between spatial and temporal regeneration emerges. Let $C(n)$ be the number of cutpoints among the first $n$ backbone vertices and $M(N)$ the number of cut times up to time $N$. Then \[ \lim_{n\to\infty}\frac{C(n)}{n}= 1-\lambda,\qquad \lim_{N\to\infty}\frac{M(N)}{\log N}=\frac{1-\lambda}{\log(1/\lambda)},\quad\text{a.s.}, \] so cutpoints have positive linear density while cut times grow only logarithmically.

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