pith. sign in

arxiv: 2606.18940 · v1 · pith:JN5X55QCnew · submitted 2026-06-17 · 💻 cs.DC

Urban Limits as Design Constraints: Identifying Suitable Locations for Distributed, Photovoltaic-Powered Servers

Justin Chikhaoui , Thomas Leduc , Daniel Siret , Abdoulaye Gamatie This is my paper

Pith reviewed 2026-06-26 19:14 UTC · model grok-4.3

classification 💻 cs.DC
keywords urban constraintsdistributed serversphotovoltaic powersite typologyedge computingsolar infrastructureMontpellieranthropised surfaces
0
0 comments X

The pith

A glossary of site typologies built from laws, projects and consultations identifies where solar-powered distributed servers can fit on existing urban surfaces.

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

The paper develops a method to locate places in cities where small servers can run on solar power using only already-built areas. It gathers rules from laws, city projects, public input and research to list types of sites that work. These sites are checked for energy potential, space and other qualities. When tested in Montpellier, it shows that local rules and resources decide what is possible for decentralized digital systems. This approach treats city limits as fixed boundaries rather than problems to overcome.

Core claim

The methodology combines legal frameworks, ongoing urban projects, citizen consultations, and scientific literature to construct a place-based glossary of viable site typologies, evaluated through energy, spatial, and qualitative criteria, and applied to Montpellier to illustrate how urban constraints shape feasibility of decentralised solar-powered digital infrastructures while relying exclusively on existing infrastructures and anthropised surfaces.

What carries the argument

The place-based glossary of viable site typologies, which integrates legal frameworks, ongoing urban projects, citizen consultations, and scientific literature to classify locations suitable for distributed photovoltaic-powered servers.

If this is right

  • Decentralised computing infrastructures become feasible only where they align with pre-existing legal and social urban rules.
  • Site selection for edge or fog servers must treat anthropised surfaces as the sole allowable domain.
  • Local energy, spatial and qualitative criteria determine which typologies can host photovoltaic-powered servers.
  • Territorialised approaches become necessary to match digital service design to city-specific resources and limits.

Where Pith is reading between the lines

These are editorial extensions of the paper, not claims the author makes directly.

  • The same glossary method could be tested in other mid-sized European cities to compare how differing legal and consultation processes alter the set of viable typologies.
  • If the identified sites prove workable, planners might begin treating computing capacity as another urban resource to allocate alongside water or transport.
  • Future work could examine whether adding quantitative solar yield modeling to the qualitative criteria changes the ranking of site types.

Load-bearing premise

That a glossary built from existing legal frameworks, projects, consultations, and literature will reliably identify deployable sites without missing critical unstated constraints or requiring new construction beyond anthropised surfaces.

What would settle it

Checking whether the site typologies listed for Montpellier actually support working solar-powered servers in practice without encountering barriers not captured in the legal, project, consultation or literature sources.

Figures

Figures reproduced from arXiv: 2606.18940 by Abdoulaye Gamatie, Daniel Siret, Justin Chikhaoui, Thomas Leduc.

Figure 1
Figure 1. Figure 1: Methodology for identifying relevant locations for [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p004_1.png] view at source ↗
Figure 2
Figure 2. Figure 2: Genesis prototype deployed at the University of [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p005_2.png] view at source ↗
Figure 3
Figure 3. Figure 3: City of Montpellier and its public high schools. [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p007_3.png] view at source ↗
Figure 4
Figure 4. Figure 4: Number of hours for which each location typology [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p008_4.png] view at source ↗
Figure 5
Figure 5. Figure 5: Cumulative digital demand coverage as a function [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p009_5.png] view at source ↗
read the original abstract

Urban territories face growing tensions between increasing digital demand, limited resources, and socially constrained built environments. Although distributed computing paradigms such as edge and fog computing are widely presented as solutions for reducing latency and energy dissipation, the scientific literature largely overlooks where such infrastructures can be physically and socially deployed within cities, and typically neglects urban constraints, environmental impacts, and equity considerations. This paper proposes a methodology for identifying suitable urban locations for deploying distributed servers under structural, environmental, and social limits. Relying exclusively on existing infrastructures and anthropised surfaces, it combines legal frameworks, ongoing urban projects, citizen consultations, and scientific literature to construct a place-based glossary of viable site typologies, evaluated through energy, spatial, and qualitative criteria. Applied to the French city of Montpellier, our results illustrate how urban constraints and local resources shape the feasibility of decentralised, solar-powered digital infrastructures, and highlight the value of territorialised approaches for rethinking digital services within urban limits.

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, simulated authors' rebuttal, and a circularity audit. Tearing a paper down is the easy half of reading it; the pith above is the substance, this is the friction.

Referee Report

2 major / 1 minor

Summary. The paper proposes a methodology to identify suitable urban locations for distributed, photovoltaic-powered servers by relying exclusively on existing infrastructures and anthropised surfaces. It combines legal frameworks, ongoing urban projects, citizen consultations, and scientific literature to build a place-based glossary of viable site typologies, which is then evaluated using energy, spatial, and qualitative criteria. The approach is applied to Montpellier as a case study to illustrate how urban constraints shape the feasibility of decentralised solar-powered digital infrastructures.

Significance. If the central claim were supported by evidence, the integration of legal, social, and technical sources into a territorialised siting methodology would represent a useful contribution to sustainable edge computing, emphasizing equity and urban limits over purely technical optimization. The paper's explicit avoidance of new construction and focus on multi-source glossary construction are strengths that could inform policy if validated.

major comments (2)
  1. [Abstract] Abstract: The statement that 'our results illustrate how urban constraints and local resources shape the feasibility' is load-bearing for the central claim yet is unsupported by any quantitative data, tables, figures, error bars, exclusion rules, or validation against actual deployment outcomes.
  2. [Methodology] Methodology (glossary construction and evaluation): The paper does not demonstrate that the cited legal frameworks, projects, consultations, and literature capture all load-bearing technical constraints for server deployment (e.g., local grid interconnection capacity for compute loads or structural load-bearing for rack-mounted equipment), leaving open the possibility that viable sites identified by the glossary may still be infeasible.
minor comments (1)
  1. [Introduction] The paper would benefit from an explicit early definition of 'anthropised surfaces' and a table summarizing the energy/spatial/qualitative criteria with their sources.

Simulated Author's Rebuttal

2 responses · 0 unresolved

We thank the referee for the constructive feedback. We respond point-by-point to the major comments, indicating revisions where appropriate.

read point-by-point responses

  1. Referee: [Abstract] Abstract: The statement that 'our results illustrate how urban constraints and local resources shape the feasibility' is load-bearing for the central claim yet is unsupported by any quantitative data, tables, figures, error bars, exclusion rules, or validation against actual deployment outcomes.

    Authors: The paper's core contribution is a methodology for constructing and evaluating a glossary of site typologies from legal, project, consultation, and literature sources, applied illustratively to Montpellier. The 'results' consist of the typology evaluations against energy (PV potential estimates), spatial, and qualitative criteria derived directly from those sources. As a methodological proposal rather than an empirical deployment study, it does not include statistical validation, error bars, or real-world deployment outcomes. We will revise the abstract to clarify that the Montpellier application demonstrates how the methodology incorporates urban constraints, without claiming quantitative validation of deployed feasibility. revision: yes

  2. Referee: [Methodology] Methodology (glossary construction and evaluation): The paper does not demonstrate that the cited legal frameworks, projects, consultations, and literature capture all load-bearing technical constraints for server deployment (e.g., local grid interconnection capacity for compute loads or structural load-bearing for rack-mounted equipment), leaving open the possibility that viable sites identified by the glossary may still be infeasible.

    Authors: The methodology is explicitly scoped to urban, legal, social, and anthropised-surface constraints drawn from the cited sources, with the goal of identifying candidate typologies on existing infrastructure. It does not purport to enumerate every technical constraint (such as site-specific grid capacity or structural loads), which are acknowledged as subsequent engineering steps. This aligns with the paper's emphasis on territorial limits over full technical optimisation. We will add a dedicated limitations subsection to explicitly state the methodology's scope and the need for additional technical assessments before deployment. revision: yes

Circularity Check

0 steps flagged

No circularity; methodology assembles external sources into glossary

full rationale

The paper constructs its glossary of site typologies exclusively from independent external inputs (legal frameworks, ongoing urban projects, citizen consultations, and scientific literature) and applies energy/spatial/qualitative criteria to Montpellier. No equations, fitted parameters, self-definitional steps, or load-bearing self-citations appear in the derivation chain; the central claim remains a synthesis of outside materials rather than a reduction to the paper's own outputs or prior author work.

Axiom & Free-Parameter Ledger

0 free parameters · 0 axioms · 0 invented entities

No free parameters, axioms, or invented entities are identifiable from the abstract; the method relies on external public data sources and standard evaluation criteria.

pith-pipeline@v0.9.1-grok · 5704 in / 1028 out tokens · 19673 ms · 2026-06-26T19:14:09.476598+00:00 · methodology

discussion (0)

Sign in with ORCID, Apple, or X to comment. Anyone can read and Pith papers without signing in.

Reference graph

Works this paper leans on

115 extracted references · 6 canonical work pages · 1 internal anchor

  1. [1]

    Nasir Abbas, Yan Zhang, Amir Taherkordi, and Tor Skeie. 2017. Mobile edge computing: A survey.IEEE Internet of Things Journal5, 1 (2017), 450–465

    2017

  2. [2]

    M Jamil Ahmad and GN Tiwari. 2011. Solar radiation models—A review.Inter- national Journal of Energy Research35, 4 (2011), 271–290

    2011

  3. [3]

    Blake Alcott. 2005. Jevons’ paradox.Ecological economics54, 1 (2005), 9–21

    2005

  4. [4]

    Aleksandar Anastasovski, Maria Beatrice Andreucci, József Kádár, and Marco Delli Paoli. 2024. Energy storage in urban areas: the role of energy storage facilities, a review.Energies17, 5 (2024), 1117

    2024

  5. [5]

    Atakan Aral, Vincenzo De Maio, and Ivona Brandic. 2021. Ares: Reliable and sustainable edge provisioning for wireless sensor networks.IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing7, 4 (2021), 761–773

    2021

  6. [6]

    Atakan Aral, Vincenzo De Maio, and Ivona Brandic. 2021. ARES: Reliable and sustainable edge provisioning for wireless sensor networks.IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing7, 4 (2021), 761–773

    2021

  7. [7]

    Patricia Arroba, Rajkumar Buyya, Román Cárdenas, José L Risco-Martín, and José M Moya. 2024. Sustainable edge computing: Challenges and future direc- tions.Software: Practice and Experience54, 11 (2024), 2272–2296

    2024

  8. [8]

    Ali Asghari and Mohammad Karim Sohrabi. 2024. Server placement in mobile cloud computing: A comprehensive survey for edge computing, fog computing and cloudlet.Computer Science Review51 (2024), 100616

    2024

  9. [9]

    Darren M Bagnall and Matt Boreland. 2008. Photovoltaic technologies.Energy Policy36, 12 (2008), 4390–4396. Urban Limits as Design Constraints: Identifying Suitable Locations for Distributed, Photovoltaic-Powered Servers Workshop on Computing within Limits, June 23-25, 2026, ,

    2008

  10. [10]

    Oliver Bates and Adrian Friday. 2018. Intangible commodities with free delivery: finding the limit in digitally mediated e-commerce and workforce injustice.. In Proceedings of the 2018 Workshop on Computing within Limits(Toronto, Ontario, Canada)(LIMITS ’18). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, Article 9, 8 pages. doi:10.1145/3232617.3232622

    work page doi:10.1145/3232617.3232622 2018

  11. [11]

    Spie Batignolles. 2024. COASIS : solution conçue pour lutter contre les îlots de chaleur. Spie Batignolles. https://www.spiebatignolles.fr/coasis- solution-concue-par-spie-batignolles-paysage-pour-lutter-contre-les-ilots- de-chaleur/ Consulté sur Spie Batignolles

    2024

  12. [12]

    Emiliano Bellini. 2024. Un mur antibruit photovoltaïque avec un design en zigzag. PV Magazine France. https://www.pv-magazine.fr/2024/11/13/un- mur-antibruit-photovoltaique-avec-un-design-en-zigzag/ Consulté sur PV Magazine

    2024

  13. [13]

    Amira Rayane Benamer, Khaled Boussetta, and Nejib Ben Hadj-Alouane. 2021. A Genetic Algorithm for the Placement of Latency-Sensitive Multiplayer Game Servers in the Fog. In2021 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM). 1–6. doi:10.1109/GLOBECOM46510.2021.9685952

    work page doi:10.1109/globecom46510.2021.9685952 2021

  14. [14]

    Luke Bennett. 2016. How does law make place? Localisation, translocalisation and thing-law at the world’s first factory.Geoforum74 (2016), 182–191

    2016

  15. [15]

    Salil Bharany, Sandeep Sharma, Osamah Ibrahim Khalaf, Ghaida Muttashar Abdulsahib, Abeer S Al Humaimeedy, Theyazn HH Aldhyani, Mashael Maashi, and Hasan Alkahtani. 2022. A systematic survey on energy-efficient techniques in sustainable cloud computing.Sustainability14, 10 (2022), 6256

    2022

  16. [16]

    Janusz Bialek. 1996. Tracing the flow of electricity.IEE Proceedings-Generation, Transmission and Distribution143, 4 (1996), 313–320

    1996

  17. [17]

    2007.L’enquête et ses méthodes: l’entretien

    Alain Blanchet. 2007.L’enquête et ses méthodes: l’entretien. Armand Colin

    2007

  18. [18]

    Geoff Boeing. 2018. Measuring the complexity of urban form and design.Urban Design International23, 4 (2018), 281–292

    2018

  19. [19]

    Gro Harlem Brundtland. 1987. Our common future world commission on environment and developement. (1987)

    1987

  20. [20]

    Bin Cao, Shanshan Fan, Jianwei Zhao, Shan Tian, Zihao Zheng, Yanlong Yan, and Peng Yang. 2021. Large-Scale Many-Objective Deployment Optimization of Edge Servers.IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems22, 6 (June 2021), 3841 to 3849. doi:10.1109/tits.2021.3059455

    work page doi:10.1109/tits.2021.3059455 2021

  21. [21]

    Walter Castelnovo, Gianluca Misuraca, and Alberto Savoldelli. 2016. Smart cities governance: The need for a holistic approach to assessing urban participatory policy making.Social Science Computer Review34, 6 (2016), 724–739

    2016

  22. [22]

    Le Chang, Xia Deng, Jianping Pan, and Yun Zhang. 2021. Edge server placement for vehicular ad hoc networks in metropolitans.IEEE Internet of Things Journal 9, 2 (2021), 1575–1590

    2021

  23. [23]

    G Chaoui, R Yaagoubi, and M Mastere. 2025. Integrating geospatial technologies and multi-criteria decision analysis for sustainable and resilient urban planning. Chall. Sustain13, 1 (2025), 122–134

    2025

  24. [24]

    Yuanyi Chen, Yihao Lin, Zengwei Zheng, Peng Yu, Jiaxing Shen, and Minyi Guo

  25. [25]

    Preference-aware edge server placement in the internet of things.IEEE Internet of Things Journal9, 2 (2021), 1289–1299

    2021

  26. [26]

    Colas. [n. d.]. Mise en service de deux pistes cyclables photo- voltaïques Wattway aux Pays-Bas. Colas — Communiqué de presse. https://www.colas.com/fr/communiques-de-presse/mise-en-service-de-deux- pistes-cyclables-photovoltaiques-wattway-aux-pays-bas Consulté sur le site officiel de Colas

  27. [27]

    Colas Group. 2026. Wattway by Colas. https://www.wattwaybycolas.com/ Consulté le 27 février 2026

    2026

  28. [28]

    Corripio

    Javier G. Corripio. 2023.insolation. https://pypi.org/project/insolation/ Python library for computing insolation over inclined surfaces or complex terrain

    2023

  29. [29]

    Javier G Corripio. 2003. Vectorial algebra algorithms for calculating terrain parameters from DEMs and solar radiation modelling in mountainous terrain. International Journal of Geographical Information Science17, 1 (2003), 1–23

    2003

  30. [30]

    Marcos De Melo da Silva, Abdoulaye Gamatié, Gilles Sassatelli, Michael Poss, and Michel Robert. 2022. Optimization of data and energy migrations in mini data centers for carbon-neutral computing.IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing8, 1 (2022), 68–81

    2022

  31. [31]

    Marcos de Melo da Silva, Abdoulaye Gamatié, Gilles Sassatelli, Michael Poss, and Michel Robert. 2023. Optimization of Data and Energy Migrations in Mini Data Centers for Carbon-Neutral Computing.IEEE Trans. Sustain. Comput.8, 1 (2023), 68–81. doi:10.1109/TSUSC.2022.3197090

    work page doi:10.1109/tsusc.2022.3197090 2023

  32. [32]

    Kalyanmoy Deb. 2011. Multi-objective optimisation using evolutionary algo- rithms: an introduction. InMulti-objective evolutionary optimisation for product design and manufacturing. Springer, 3–34

    2011

  33. [33]

    Gilles Desthieux, Claudio Carneiro, Reto Camponovo, Pierre Ineichen, Euge- nio Morello, Anthony Boulmier, Nabil Abdennadher, Sébastien Dervey, and Christoph Ellert. 2018. Solar energy potential assessment on rooftops and fa- cades in large built environments based on lidar data, image processing, and cloud computing. Methodological background, application...

    2018

  34. [34]

    Eleanor Jane Dowds and Fatme El-Saghir. 2021. Utilising waste heat from Edge-computing Micro Data Centres: Financial and Environmental synergies, Opportunities, and Business Models

    2021

  35. [35]

    Loïs Elziere. [n. d.]. Des panneaux solaires installés sur les rails du métro. Made in Marseille. https://madeinmarseille.net/actualite/173607-panneaux-solaires- rails-metro-rose/ Consulté sur Made in Marseille

  36. [36]

    Göran Finnveden, George Kamiya, Vlad C Coroamă, Pernilla Bergmark, and Reid Lifset. 2025. Assessing environmental impacts of digitalization: A special issue. 1042–1047 pages

    2025

  37. [37]

    Manuel G Forero and HJ Herrera-Suárez. 2023. ChatGPT in the classroom: boon or bane for physics students’ academic performance?arXiv preprint arXiv:2312.02422(2023)

    arXiv 2023

  38. [38]

    Jay W Forrester. 1970. Urban dynamics.IMR; Industrial Management Review (pre-1986)11, 3 (1970), 67

    1970

  39. [39]

    French Republic. 2024. Article L111-19-1 du Code de l’urbanisme. République française. https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr Code de l’urbanisme, partie législa- tive

    2024

  40. [40]

    French Republic. 2024. Article R111-25-17 du Code de l’urbanisme. République française. https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr Code de l’urbanisme, partie régle- mentaire

    2024

  41. [41]

    Abdoulaye Gamatié, Thomas Leduc, Daniel Siret, Gilles Sassatelli, and Michel Robert. 2023. A model-based approach to addressing energy demand in sustain- able urban systems.Sustainable Computing: Informatics and Systems37 (2023), 100844

    2023

  42. [42]

    Apurva Goel, Snehal Masurkar, and Girish R Pathade. 2024. An overview of digital transformation and environmental sustainability: Threats, opportunities, and solutions.Sustainability16, 24 (2024), 11079

    2024

  43. [43]

    Government of France. 2023. Article L.632-2 du Code du patrimoine. République française. https://questions.assemblee-nationale.fr/q16/16-7059QE.htm Texte cité dans la réponse à la question écrite n°7059, Assemblée nationale

    2023

  44. [44]

    Government of France. 2026. Code de la construction et de l’habitation. Légifrance. https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/loda/id/LEGISCTA000006189287 Consulté sur Légifrance, version en vigueur

    2026

  45. [45]

    Government of France. 2026. Code de l’environnement. Légifrance. https://www. legifrance.gouv.fr/loda/id/LEGISCTA000032445080 Consulté sur Légifrance, version en vigueur

    2026

  46. [46]

    Government of France. 2026. Code de l’urbanisme. Légifrance. https://www. legifrance.gouv.fr/codes/texte_lc/LEGITEXT000006074075/2023-09-30 Consulté sur Légifrance, version en vigueur

    2026

  47. [47]

    Government of France. 2026. Code de l’énergie. Légifrance. https://www. legifrance.gouv.fr/codes/texte_lc/LEGITEXT000023983208/2023-11-10 Consulté sur Légifrance, version en vigueur

    2026

  48. [48]

    Christian Gueymard. 1989. A two-band model for the calculation of clear sky solar irradiance, illuminance, and photosynthetically active radiation at the earth’s surface.Solar Energy43, 5 (1989), 253–265

    1989

  49. [49]

    Liwen Guo, Jiahong Wu, I-Min Hsieh, Cheng-Hua Huang, Bo Li, Chiming Jao, Vinson Lin, Robert Yuan, Xianguang Tan, Xiaojin Fan, et al. 2021. Advanced Single-phase Passive Immersion Cooling Solution with Natural Convection for Outdoor Edge Servers. In2021 20th IEEE Intersociety Conference on Thermal and Thermomechanical Phenomena in Electronic Systems (iTher...

    2021

  50. [50]

    2023.Antidote au culte de la performance: la robustesse du vivant

    Olivier Hamant. 2023.Antidote au culte de la performance: la robustesse du vivant. Gallimard

    2023

  51. [51]

    Kate Hosford, Meghan Winters, Kadia Saint-Onge, Nazeem Muhajarine, and Lise Gauvin. 2024. Acceptability of built environment interventions to support active travel in 17 Canadian metropolitan areas: findings from the THEPA study. Sustainable Transport and Livability1, 1 (2024), 2314024

    2024

  52. [52]

    Lara Houston, Ann Light, and Cassie Thornton. 2022. The richness of designing for eco-social change. InLIMITS’22: Workshop on Computing within Limits. 21–22

    2022

  53. [53]

    Pengfei Hu, Sahraoui Dhelim, Huansheng Ning, and Tie Qiu. 2017. Survey on fog computing: architecture, key technologies, applications and open issues. Journal of network and computer applications98 (2017), 27–42

    2017

  54. [54]

    Pierre Ineichen and Richard Perez. 2002. A new airmass independent formulation for the Linke turbidity coefficient.Solar Energy73, 3 (2002), 151–157

    2002

  55. [55]

    Adam R Jensen, Kevin S Anderson, William F Holmgren, Mark A Mikofski, Clif- ford W Hansen, Leland J Boeman, and Roel Loonen. 2023. pvlib iotools—Open- source Python functions for seamless access to solar irradiance data.Solar Energy266 (2023), 112092

    2023

  56. [56]

    Kelsey Jordahl, Joris Van den Bossche, Martin Fleischmann, Jacob Wasserman, James McBride, Jeffrey Gerard, Jeff Tratner, Matthew Perry, Adrian Garcia Badaracco, Carson Farmer, Geir Arne Hjelle, Alan D. Snow, Micah Cochran, Sean Gillies, Lucas Culbertson, Matt Bartos, Nick Eubank, maxalbert, Aleksey Bilogur, Sergio Rey, Christopher Ren, Dani Arribas-Bel, L...

    work page doi:10.5281/zenodo.3946761 2020

  57. [57]

    JPEE. [n. d.]. Inaugurations — Projets d’énergie renouvelable. JPEE. https: //www.jpee.fr/inauguration/ Consulté sur JPEE

  58. [58]

    Jessica Jungell-Michelsson and Pasi Heikkurinen. 2022. Sufficiency: A systematic literature review.Ecological Economics195 (2022), 107380

    2022

  59. [59]

    Sandeep Kautish and Dipesh Gurung. 2025. Advancing Sustainable Comput- ing: A Systematic Literature Review of Software, Hardware, and Algorithmic Workshop on Computing within Limits, June 23-25, 2026, , Chikhaoui et al. Innovations.ICCK Transactions on Sustainable Computing1, 1 (2025), 1–19

    2025

  60. [60]

    Gregory Kestin, Kelly Miller, Anna Klales, Timothy Milbourne, and Gregorio Ponti. 2024. AI tutoring outperforms active learning. (2024)

    2024

  61. [61]

    Lars Krupp, Steffen Steinert, Maximilian Kiefer-Emmanouilidis, Karina E Avila, Paul Lukowicz, Jochen Kuhn, Stefan Küchemann, and Jakob Karolus. 2023. Unreflected acceptance–investigating the negative consequences of ChatGPT- assisted problem solving in physics education.arXiv preprint arXiv:2309.03087 (2023)

    Pith/arXiv arXiv 2023

  62. [62]

    Moyukh Laha, Suraj Kamble, and Raja Datta. 2020. Edge nodes placement in 5G enabled urban vehicular networks: A centrality-based approach. In2020 National Conference on Communications (NCC). IEEE, 1–6

    2020

  63. [63]

    Tero Lähderanta, Teemu Leppänen, Leena Ruha, Lauri Lovén, Erkki Harjula, Mika Ylianttila, Jukka Riekki, and Mikko J Sillanpää. 2021. Edge computing server placement with capacitated location allocation.J. Parallel and Distrib. Comput.153 (2021), 130–149

    2021

  64. [64]

    Mireille Lefèvre, Armel Oumbe, Philippe Blanc, Bella Espinar, Benoît Gschwind, Zhipeng Qu, Lucien Wald, Marion Schroedter-Homscheidt, Carsten Hoyer-Klick, Antti Arola, et al. 2013. McClear: a new model estimating downwelling solar radiation at ground level in clear-sky conditions.Atmospheric Measurement Techniques6, 9 (2013), 2403–2418

    2013

  65. [65]

    Fonroche Lighting. [n. d.]. 50 000 lampadaires solaires pour éclairer le Sénégal. Fonroche Lighting. https://www.fonroche-lighting.com/fr/fra/projets/projets- gouvernementaux/50-000-lampadaires-solaires-pour-eclairer-le-senegal Con- sulté sur Fonroche Lighting

  66. [66]

    Haojiang Liu, Yuanzhe Li, and Shangguang Wang. 2022. Request scheduling combined with load balancing in mobile-edge computing.IEEE Internet of Things Journal9, 21 (2022), 20841–20852

    2022

  67. [67]

    Lauri Lovén, Tero Lähderanta, Leena Ruha, Teemu Leppänen, Ella Peltonen, Jukka Riekki, and Mikko J Sillanpää. 2020. Scaling up an edge server deployment. In2020 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communica- tions Workshops (PerCom Workshops). IEEE, 1–7

    2020

  68. [68]

    Weisheng Lu, Jinfeng Lou, Benjamin Kwaku Ababio, Ray Y Zhong, Zhikang Bao, Xiao Li, and Fan Xue. 2024. Digital technologies for construction sustainability: Status quo, challenges, and future prospects.Npj Materials Sustainability2, 1 (2024), 10

    2024

  69. [69]

    Alexandra Sasha Luccioni, Emma Strubell, and Kate Crawford. 2025. From efficiency gains to rebound effects: The problem of jevons’ paradox in AI’s polarized environmental debate. InProceedings of the 2025 ACM conference on fairness, accountability, and transparency. 76–88

    2025

  70. [70]

    Oluwashina Madamori, Esther Max-Onakpoya, Gregory D Erhardt, and Corey E Baker. 2021. Enabling opportunistic low-cost smart cities by using tactical edge node placement. In2021 16th Annual Conference on Wireless On-demand Network Systems and Services Conference (WONS). IEEE, 1–8

    2021

  71. [71]

    Multiwavelength campaign on Mrk 509 XIV. Chandra HETGS spectra

    Oluwashina Madamori, Esther Max-Onakpoya, Gregory D. Erhardt, and Corey E. Baker. 2021. A Latency-Defined Edge Node Placement Scheme for Opportunistic Smart Cities. In2021 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops and other Affiliated Events (PerCom Workshops). 142–147. doi:10.1109/PerComWorkshops51409.2021.9430977

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1109/percomworkshops51409.2021.9430977 2021

  72. [72]

    2026.La RTM teste des rails photovoltaïques sur les tronçons aériens du métro

    Made in Marseille. 2026.La RTM teste des rails photovoltaïques sur les tronçons aériens du métro. https://madeinmarseille.net/environnement/136761-la-rtm- teste-des-rails-photovoltaiques-sur-les-troncons-aeriens-du-metro/ Consulté le 27 février 2026

    2026

  73. [73]

    Robson Mandishekwa and Enard Mutenheri. 2020. Mining-induced displacement and resettlement: An analytical review.Ghana Journal of Development Studies 17, 1 (2020), 114–140

    2020

  74. [74]

    Ani Matei and Mădălina Cocos,atu. 2024. Artificial internet of things, sensor- based digital twin urban computing vision algorithms, and blockchain cloud networks in sustainable smart city administration.Sustainability16, 16 (2024), 6749

    2024

  75. [75]

    Marcelle C McManus. 2012. Environmental consequences of the use of batteries in low carbon systems: The impact of battery production.Applied Energy93 (2012), 288–295

    2012

  76. [76]

    Carla Mouradian, Diala Naboulsi, Sami Yangui, Roch H Glitho, Monique J Mor- row, and Paul A Polakos. 2017. A comprehensive survey on fog computing: State-of-the-art and research challenges.IEEE communications surveys & tutori- als20, 1 (2017), 416–464

    2017

  77. [77]

    Bonnie Nardi, Bill Tomlinson, Donald J Patterson, Jay Chen, Daniel Pargman, Barath Raghavan, and Birgit Penzenstadler. 2018. Computing within limits. Commun. ACM61, 10 (2018), 86–93

    2018

  78. [78]

    Wacuka M Ngata, Noman Bashir, Michelle Westerlaken, Laurent Liote, Yasra Chandio, and Elsa Olivetti. 2025. The Cloud next door: investigating the envi- ronmental and socioeconomic strain of datacenters on local communities. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGCAS/SIGCHI Conference on Computing and Sustain- able Societies. 769–774

    2025

  79. [79]

    2024.Artificial Intelligence and Electricity: A System Dynamics Approach

    Rémi Paccou and Pr Fons Wijnhoven. 2024.Artificial Intelligence and Electricity: A System Dynamics Approach. Technical Report. Schneider Electric. https: //hal.science/hal-05015754

    2024

  80. [80]

    Eleni Papadonikolaki, Ilias Krystallis, and Bethan Morgan. 2022. Digital tech- nologies in built environment projects: review and future directions.Project Management Journal53, 5 (2022), 501–519

    2022

Showing first 80 references.