A new Li-Yau-Hamilton estimate for Kahler-Ricci flow

In this paper we prove a new matrix Li-Yau-Hamilton estimate for K\"ahler-Ricci flow. The form of this new Li-Yau-Hamilton estimate is obtained by the interpolation consideration originated in \cite{Ch1}. This new inequality is shown to be connected with Perelman's entropy formula through a family of differential equalities. In the rest of the paper, We show several applications of this new estimate and its linear version proved earlier in \cite{CN}. These include a sharp heat kernel comparison theorem, generalizing the earlier result of Li and Tian, a manifold version of Stoll's theorem on the characterization of `algebraic divisors', and a localized monotonicity formula for analytic subvarieties. Motivated by the connection between the heat kernel estimate and the reduced volume monotonicity of Perelman, we prove a sharp lower bound heat kernel estimate for the time-dependent heat equation, which is, in a certain sense, dual to Perelman's monotonicity of the `reduced volume'. As an application of this new monotonicity formula, we show that the blow-down limit of a certain type III immortal solution is a gradient expanding soliton. In the last section we also illustrate the connection between the new Li-Yau-Hamilton estimate and the earlier Hessian comparison theorem on the `reduced distance', proved in \cite{FIN}.