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USPTO: us-12628732 · published 2026-05-19 · patents · A01D 34/64· A01D 34/006· A01D 2101/00

Maintenance apparatus with conditional motor drive for caster wheels

Pith reviewed 2026-05-20 14:01 UTC · model grok-4.3

classification patents A01D 34/64A01D 34/006A01D 2101/00
keywords caster wheelswivel assistmotor drivemaintenance apparatusgauge controlfriction compensationriding mower
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The pith

A controller fires a motor on the caster swivel axis exactly when a gauge reports a preset condition, supplying enough torque to overcome the axis friction.

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

The patent describes a riding mower or similar maintenance machine whose caster wheels receive powered swivel assistance only under defined operating conditions. A sensor or gauge monitors a state such as speed, load, or terrain; when the state matches the chosen threshold the controller energizes a motor coupled to the caster swivel. The motor delivers a minimum torque sized to exceed the frictional resistance of the driven swivel portion, allowing the caster to turn more readily without constant manual force from the operator. The arrangement leaves the caster free to swivel normally when the motor is off, preserving conventional behavior outside the trigger condition.

Core claim

The central claim is a maintenance apparatus in which a motor connected to the swivel axis of a caster arm is activated by a controller solely when a gauge output indicates that a selected condition is satisfied; the motor then supplies at least enough rotational force to overcome the frictional dampening inherent in the selective-drive portion of that swivel axis.

What carries the argument

Gauge-triggered motor drive on the caster swivel axis whose minimum output torque is chosen to exceed the rotational friction of the driven swivel portion.

If this is right

  • Steering effort drops only during the specific intervals the gauge condition is true, leaving normal caster behavior the rest of the time.
  • The same motor and controller architecture can be applied to any caster-equipped frame that already carries a power source.
  • Because torque is applied only to the swivel axis and not the wheel rotation axis, forward rolling resistance remains unchanged.
  • The design keeps the caster mechanically free when the motor is inactive, so loss of power or sensor failure does not lock the wheel.

Where Pith is reading between the lines

These are editorial extensions of the paper, not claims the author makes directly.

  • If the gauge measures something easily sensed such as ground speed or deck load, the system could be retrofitted to existing mowers with minimal new hardware.
  • Operators working on slopes or in tight turns would experience the assistance most often, suggesting the condition logic could be tuned per terrain type.
  • The friction-overcoming torque value could be made adaptive rather than fixed, allowing the same hardware to handle wear or different caster designs.

Load-bearing premise

The gauge output reliably signals a real-world situation in which powered swivel help is both safe and beneficial, and the swivel friction stays stable enough that a fixed minimum motor torque always suffices.

What would settle it

A controlled test in which the gauge indicates the target condition yet the caster arm still fails to rotate under the motor's stated minimum torque, or rotates when the motor is supposed to be off.

read the original abstract

1 . A maintenance apparatus, comprising: a frame; a mow deck secured to the frame and comprising an implement; a drive wheel secured to the frame rotatable about a drive wheel rotation axis; a power source secured to the frame providing mechanical power to the drive wheel or to the implement of the mow deck; a caster wheel secured to the frame by way of a caster arm, the caster arm having a spin axis securing the caster wheel to the caster arm and facilitating rotation of the caster wheel within the caster arm, and the caster arm having a swivel axis securing the caster arm to the frame facilitating rotation of the caster arm and caster wheel; a motor having a selectively activated and deactivated motor drive with variable magnitude output connected to the swivel axis of the caster arm and configured to, when activated, apply a rotational force to the swivel axis; a gauge for measuring a condition pertaining to the maintenance apparatus; and a controller for receiving an output from the gauge indicative of whether the condition is satisfied and configured to activate the motor in response to the gauge indicating the condition is satisfied, wherein: the swivel axis comprises a selective drive axis portion of the motor that has a rotational friction that causes frictional dampening of the rotation of the caster arm and caster wheel facilitated by the swivel axis; and the rotational force applied by the motor has a minimum magnitude component selected to overcome the rotational friction of the selective drive axis portion.

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, simulated authors' rebuttal, and a circularity audit. Tearing a paper down is the easy half of reading it; the pith above is the substance, this is the friction.

Referee Report

0 major / 2 minor

Summary. The manuscript discloses a maintenance apparatus (e.g., a mower) comprising a frame, mow deck, drive wheels, power source, and at least one caster wheel mounted via a caster arm with both spin and swivel axes. A motor is coupled to the swivel axis and is activated by a controller when a gauge indicates that a predefined condition is met; the motor torque is specified to exceed the rotational friction present in the selective-drive portion of the swivel axis, thereby providing powered assistance to caster rotation under the sensed condition.

Significance. The work describes a practical mechanical-control combination that may improve maneuverability of ride-on maintenance equipment. Because the submission is a patent specification rather than a scientific manuscript, it contains no derivations, empirical data, or falsifiable predictions; any engineering utility would have to be evaluated through prototype testing outside the scope of the present document.

minor comments (2)
  1. The precise nature of the 'condition' measured by the gauge is left unspecified (abstract and claim 1). Adding one or two concrete examples would clarify the intended operating regime.
  2. Figure references and component numbering are absent from the provided text; inclusion of a labeled diagram would aid comprehension of the caster-arm, motor-drive, and gauge placement.

Simulated Author's Rebuttal

2 responses · 0 unresolved

We thank the referee for the careful reading and summary of the disclosure. As this submission is a patent specification rather than a research article, our response addresses the points raised while respecting the distinct purpose and format of a patent document.

read point-by-point responses
  1. Referee: The submission is a patent specification rather than a scientific manuscript; it contains no derivations, empirical data, or falsifiable predictions.

    Authors: We agree. Patent specifications are required to provide an enabling written description of the invention sufficient for a person skilled in the art to make and use it, together with the best mode contemplated. They are not required to contain experimental data, derivations, or statistical validation; those elements are evaluated during reduction to practice and are outside the scope of the present filing. revision: no

  2. Referee: Any engineering utility would have to be evaluated through prototype testing outside the scope of the present document.

    Authors: Correct. The claims define the structural and functional combination that constitutes the invention; actual performance metrics would be generated during development and commercialization and are not part of the patent disclosure itself. revision: no

Circularity Check

0 steps flagged

No significant circularity; direct mechanical specification

full rationale

The document is a granted patent disclosing an apparatus and control logic. It contains no equations, derivations, fitted parameters, predictions, or self-citations that could reduce to inputs by construction. The central claim is a legal description of an inventive combination of frame, caster, motor, gauge, and controller; every element is independently specified without self-referential closure.

Axiom & Free-Parameter Ledger

0 free parameters · 0 axioms · 0 invented entities

The document is a mechanical patent; it introduces no fitted parameters, mathematical axioms, or postulated physical entities beyond ordinary engineering components whose behavior is assumed to follow standard mechanics.

pith-pipeline@v0.9.0 · 5816 in / 1055 out tokens · 44083 ms · 2026-05-20T14:01:48.667941+00:00 · methodology

discussion (0)

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