Density Hales-Jewett and Moser numbers
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For any $n \geq 0$ and $k \geq 1$, the \emph{density Hales-Jewett number} $c_{n,k}$ is defined as the size of the largest subset of the cube $[k]^n$ := $\{1,...,k\}^n$ which contains no combinatorial line; similarly, the Moser number $c'_{n,k}$ is the largest subset of the cube $[k]^n$ which contains no geometric line. A deep theorem of Furstenberg and Katznelson shows that $c_{n,k}$ = $o(k^n)$ as $n \to \infty$ (which implies a similar claim for $c'_{n,k}$); this is already non-trivial for $k = 3$. Several new proofs of this result have also been recently established. Using both human and computer-assisted arguments, we compute several values of $c_{n,k}$ and $c'_{n,k}$ for small $n,k$. For instance the sequence $c_{n,3}$ for $n=0,...,6$ is $1,2,6,18,52,150,450$, while the sequence $c'_{n,3}$ for $n=0,...,6$ is $1,2,6,16,43,124,353$. We also prove some results for higher $k$, showing for instance that an analogue of the LYM inequality (which relates to the $k = 2$ case) does not hold for higher $k$, and also establishing the asymptotic lower bound $c_{n,k} \geq k^n \exp(- O(\sqrt[\ell]{\log n}))$ where $\ell$ is the largest integer such that $2k > 2^\ell$.
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Cited by 2 Pith papers
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One-Weight Colorings, the Symmetric Class, and Lower Bounds for Hales--Jewett Numbers
Symmetric colorings of Hales-Jewett cubes coincide with one-weight colorings, reducing the symmetric lower-bound problem to 1D Gallai homothety coloring and yielding HJ(3,3)≥22 and HJ(4,2)≥14.
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Improved Lower Bounds for the Hales-Jewett Numbers via Symmetric Colorings
Improved lower bounds HJ(3,3)≥22 and HJ(4,2)≥14 obtained from explicit symmetric colorings whose line-freeness reduces to a SAT check on letter-count vectors.
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