Duality and Tilting for Commutative DG Rings

We consider commutative DG rings (better known as nonpositive strongly commutative associative unital DG algebras). For such a DG ring $A$ we define the notions of perfect, tilting, dualizing, Cohen-Macaulay and rigid DG $A$-modules. Geometrically perfect DG modules are defined by a local condition on $\operatorname{Spec} \bar{A}$, where $\bar{A} := \operatorname{Spec} \, \operatorname{H}^0(A)$. Algebraically perfect DG modules are those that can be obtained from $A$ by finitely many shifts, direct summands and cones. Tilting DG modules are those that have inverses w.r.t. the derived tensor product; their isomorphism classes form the derived Picard group $\operatorname{DPic}(A)$. Dualizing DG modules are a generalization of Grothendieck's original definition (and here $A$ has to be cohomologically pseudo-noetherian). Cohen-Macaulay DG modules are the duals (w.r.t. a given dualizing DG module) of finite $\bar{A}$-modules. Rigid DG $A$-modules, relative to a commutative base ring $K$, are defined using the squaring operation, and this is a generalization of Van den Bergh's original definition. The techniques we use are the standard ones of derived categories, with a few improvements. We introduce a new method for studying DG $A$-modules: Cech resolutions of DG $A$-modules corresponding to open coverings of $\operatorname{Spec} \bar{A}$. Here are some of the new results obtained in this paper:... [truncated] The functorial properties of Cohen-Macaulay DG modules that we establish here are needed for our work on rigid dualizing complexes over commutative rings, schemes and Deligne-Mumford stacks. We pose several conjectures regarding existence and uniqueness of rigid DG modules over commutative DG rings.